EPRI: Direct Contact Heat Exchange and Absorption Refrigeration Based on Green Non-volatile Ionic Liquids for Enhanced Dry Cooling of Thermoelectric Power Plants

[1358034]迫切需要尽量减少或可能消除工业用水。据估计，在美国，热电发电消耗了近40%的淡水。由于资金成本高、占地面积/重量大、热效率低，目前可用的零耗水量干式冷却方法的使用率非常有限（2%）。因此，研究开发创新的替代干冷方法是经济的，需要促进其广泛采用。这将消除发电冷却用水。加州大学洛杉矶分校的这项研究将开发一种新型技术，称为直接接触串上液体热交换器（DILSHE），用于蒸汽发电厂的干式冷却。DILSHE的一个主要特点是使用廉价和轻质材料，使其非常经济和易于运输。通过在密集的平行管柱上流动的非挥发性液体薄膜，可以实现高传热效率，同时降低伴生气体流动压降。DILSHE的另一个特点是模块化设计；这使得多个单元堆叠在一起形成大型冷却单元，每个模块都可以在现场随时维修和/或更换。本研究拟开展系统的实验和理论研究，为DILSHE的严格设计和优化奠定科学和工程基础。它将改进和应用先进的流体力学和热计量工具和技术来研究重力驱动的薄液膜流动的不稳定性以及相关的质量、动量和能量输运的增强。还将对非挥发性传热液体进行全面调查和初步筛选，以促进探索它们在拟议的DILSHE和其他传热应用中的新用途。该研究还将建立和测试一个实验室规模的原型（25千瓦容量），以验证拟议的设计，并促进该技术的进一步商业开发。该项目还将致力于让来自代表性不足群体的本科生和研究生参与进来。K-12 STEM教育将通过为高中生开发创新项目来促进，该项目基于“从摇篮到职业”的理念，与加州大学洛杉矶分校的外展办公室协调，利用项目的研究部分。该项目还将包括促进工程商业机会的努力，如果及早灌输，将有助于促进与美国年轻人产生共鸣的创业精神。

1358034Ju There is an urgent need to minimize or possibly eliminate industrial usage of freshwater. It has been estimated that thermoelectric power production withdraws close to 40% of freshwater in the US. Currently available dry cooling methods with zero water consumption have found very limited usage ( 2%) due to the high capital cost, large footprints/weight, and low thermal efficiency. Therefore, research toward developing innovative alternative dry cooling methods that are economical are need to facilitate their broad adoption. This will eliminate the water withdrawal for cooling in power generation. The research at UCLA will develop a new class of technology called DIrect-contact Liquid-on-String Heat Exchangers (DILSHE) for dry cooling of a steam power plant. A key feature of the DILSHE is the use of inexpensive and light-weight materials, making it highly economical and easily transportable. High heat transfer effectiveness is achieved using thin films of non-volatile liquids flowing over a dense array of parallel strings while reducing associated gas flow pressure drop. Another feature of DILSHE is its modular design; this allows multiple units to be stacked together to form large cooling units, with each module being field readily serviceable and/or replaceable.The research proposes to conduct systematic experimental and theoretical investigation to establish scientific and engineering foundation for rigorous design and optimization of the DILSHE. It will improve and apply advanced fluid mechanical and thermal metrology tools and techniques for studying the instability of gravity-driven thin liquid film flows and associated enhancement in mass, momentum, and energy transport. Comprehensive survey and preliminary screening of non-volatile heat transfer liquids will also be conducted to facilitate exploration of their novel use not only in the proposed DILSHE but also other heat transfer applications. The research will also build and test a lab scale prototype (25 kW capacity) to validate the proposed design and to facilitate further commercial development of the technology.The project will also include dedicated efforts to involve undergraduate and graduate students from under-represented groups. K-12 STEM education will be promoted by developing innovative programs for high-school students based on a cradle-to-career philosophy that leverages the research components of the project in coordination with UCLA's outreach offices. The project will also include efforts to promote engineering business opportunities, which, when instilled early on, will help promote an entrepreneurial spirit that resonates with the youth in the United States.