Collaborative Research: Stable Boundary Layer Processes and Their Interaction with Nocturnal Convection over the Great Plains in the Plains Elevated Convection At Night (PECAN)

合作研究：平原夜间高对流（PECAN）中稳定边界层过程及其与大平原夜间对流的相互作用

• 批准号: 1359720
• 负责人: Richard Clark
• 金额: $ 29万
• 依托单位: Millersville University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-08-01 至 2016-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1359720&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Stable; Boundary; Layer

The Plains Elevated Convection at Night (PECAN) field campaign is planned for the Summer of 2015 in the central Great Plains. The scientific focus of PECAN is nocturnal convection, with four separate research topics to be addressed: 1) Nocturnal convection initiation and early evolution of mesoscale convective clusters; 2) Bore and other wave-like disturbances; 3) Dynamics and microphysics of nocturnal mesoscale convective systems; 4) Prediction of nocturnal convection initiation and evolution. The observational campaign plan calls for three research aircraft, seven mobile Doppler radars, and multiple sounding systems. A main part of the experimental design is the inclusion of fixed and mobile PECAN Integrated Sounding Array (PISA) units which consists of a variety of profiling instruments. The broader societal impact of PECAN is to improve forecasts of these nocturnal events for hydrology, energy, agriculture and public safety purposes. Given PECAN's four research foci, it is clear that quantification of the nocturnal stable boundary layer (NSBL) structure is mission critical. This project is unique due to its focus on the NSBL using a suite of in situ measurements, a valuable addition to PECAN's remote sensing capabilities, especially in data validation and calibration. The instrument package deployed with this project includes tethered balloon based mean and flux systems, flux towers, SODARs, a 915 MHz wind profiler, a LIDAR, a laser ceilometer, a rawinsonde system, and three near-surface flux/profiling systems. Given the spatial separation of the two sites, this research team is ideally positioned to make coordinated and detailed measurements of the characteristics of the NSBL in different locations relative to the moving Mesoscale Convective Systems and their associated NSBL disturbances (density currents and bores). The broader impacts of this project mirror those of PECAN; that is, the advancement of our knowledge base and improvement of forecasts of critical weather phenomena. In addition, unique of this project is the planned involvement of many undergraduate students in the research. This project will thus provide extensive opportunities for undergraduate students to participate in cutting-edge research and research training, from project planning and data collection in the field to coauthoring peer-reviewed publications.

计划于2015年夏季在大平原中部开展夜间平原高架对流（PECAN）实地活动。 PECAN的科学重点是夜间对流，有四个独立的研究课题要解决：1）夜间对流启动和中尺度对流团的早期演变; 2）孔和其他波状扰动; 3）夜间中尺度对流系统的动力学和微物理; 4）夜间对流启动和演变的预测。 观测活动计划需要三架研究飞机、七部移动的多普勒雷达和多种探测系统。 实验设计的一个主要部分是包括固定和移动的PECAN综合探测阵列（比萨）单位，其中包括各种剖析仪器。 PECAN的更广泛的社会影响是为了水文、能源、农业和公共安全的目的改善对这些夜间事件的预报。 鉴于PECAN的四个研究重点，很明显，夜间稳定边界层（NSBL）结构的量化是使命的关键。 这个项目是独一无二的，因为它的重点是NSBL使用一套现场测量，一个宝贵的除了PECAN的遥感能力，特别是在数据验证和校准。 与该项目一起部署的成套仪器包括基于系留气球的平均和通量系统、通量塔、SODAR、915 MHz风廓线仪、激光雷达、激光云高计、rawinsonde系统和三个近地表通量/廓线系统。 鉴于这两个地点的空间分离，该研究小组处于理想的位置，可以在相对于移动中尺度对流系统及其相关的NSBL扰动（密度流和孔）的不同位置对NSBL的特性进行协调和详细的测量。该项目的更广泛影响反映了PECAN的影响，即我们的知识基础的进步和关键天气现象预报的改进。 此外，该项目的独特之处在于许多本科生计划参与研究。 因此，该项目将为本科生提供广泛的机会，参与前沿研究和研究培训，从项目规划和实地数据收集到共同撰写同行评审的出版物。