Collaborative Research: The Scale of Governance in the Regulation of Land in Community Land Trusts

合作研究：社区土地信托中土地监管的治理规模

• 批准号: 1359826
• 负责人: Deborah Martin
• 金额: $ 8.93万
• 依托单位: Clark University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-08-01 至 2019-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1359826&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Scale; Governance; Regulation

Addressing housing needs of all citizens and scientifically understanding the implications and impacts of various approaches to affordable housing provision provides a major challenge for urban policy. Community Land Trusts (CLTs) offer one strategy that is increasingly adopted in the housing policy realm. This project will address the question of how the geographical scale of a Community Land Trust affects its relationships in regional land and housing governance including interactions with other non-profit and government agencies, and its geographical identity. CLTs are private, not-for-profit organizations that own residential land in trust for a community, and are defined by membership and geographical boundaries at varying scales, from the sub-neighborhood to the urban region. CLTs offer long-term renewable leases for the use of their land to members, who in turn own the homes built on that land. A grassroots approach, CLTs initially developed in particular urban neighborhoods, but they are increasingly expanding their territories to cover large geographical areas, such as an entire city or county. Since CLTs are a potential and growing vehicle for supporting community-led redevelopment, their successes and failures have public policy implications. The project will offer insights about how CLTs relate to various levels of government as well as to their members, in geographically dispersed land trusts. Consequently, it will enhance understandings of urban development, community identity, and land regulation. The researchers will develop local and national advisory committees drawn from policy makers in CLTs and relevant government and non-profit institutions in order to drawn upon insights from, and disseminate research findings to, individuals and organizations working within and with housing-oriented community land trusts.The project examines the importance of law and public policy in shaping land governance and the impacts on residents' perceptions of place and community. Through a combination of archival research, semi-structured interviews and roving interviews, the researchers will explore how community land trusts are structured legally, socially, and geographically. They examine the relationships of CLTs with members and non-members within the CLTs' territories as well as their relationships with local, regional, and federal governments. A case study of five CLTs within the Minneapolis - St. Paul metropolitan area allows for examination of the different ways that geography affects community identity and land use governance in CLTs, because the five CLTs vary in territorial extent. This comparison of neighborhood- and regional-scale impacts highlights the different ways that local and regional state institutions can engage with the project of CLT development with differential effects.

解决所有公民的住房需求，并科学地了解提供负担得起的住房的各种方法的影响和影响，是城市政策面临的重大挑战。社区土地信托基金(CLT)提供了一种在住房政策领域越来越多地被采用的战略。该项目将探讨社区土地信托基金的地理规模如何影响其在区域土地和住房治理方面的关系，包括与其他非营利组织和政府机构的互动，以及其地理特性。CLT是私人的非营利性组织，以信托方式为社区拥有住宅用地，并由成员和地理边界在不同的尺度上进行定义，从次社区到城市区域。CLT向会员提供其土地使用的长期可再生租赁，这些会员反过来拥有在该土地上建造的房屋。作为一种草根方法，CLT最初只开发了特定的城市社区，但他们正在日益扩大自己的领土，以覆盖大的地理区域，如整个城市或县。由于CLT是支持社区主导的重建的潜在和不断增长的工具，它们的成功和失败具有公共政策的影响。该项目将提供关于CLT如何在地理上分散的土地信托中与各级政府及其成员建立联系的见解。因此，它将增进对城市发展、社区认同和土地监管的理解。研究人员将建立地方和国家咨询委员会，由CLT的政策制定者以及相关的政府和非营利机构组成，以借鉴在以住房为导向的社区土地信托内部和与之合作的个人和组织的见解，并向他们传播研究结果。该项目研究法律和公共政策在塑造土地治理方面的重要性，以及对居民对地方和社区的认知的影响。通过结合档案研究、半结构化访谈和巡回访谈，研究人员将探索社区土地信托是如何在法律、社会和地理上构建的。他们审查了CLT与CLT领土内的成员和非成员的关系，以及它们与地方、地区和联邦政府的关系。通过对明尼阿波利斯-圣保罗大都市区内五个CLT的案例研究，可以考察地理对CLT中社区认同和土地使用管理的不同影响方式，因为这五个CLT在领土范围上各不相同。这种邻里和区域规模影响的比较突出了地方和区域国家机构参与CLT发展项目的不同方式，并产生不同的影响。