Collaborative Research: The Scale of Governance in the Regulation of Land in Community Land Trusts

合作研究：社区土地信托中土地监管的治理规模

• 批准号: 1359826
• 负责人: Deborah Martin
• 金额: $ 8.93万
• 依托单位: Clark University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-08-01 至 2019-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1359826&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Scale; Governance; Regulation

Addressing housing needs of all citizens and scientifically understanding the implications and impacts of various approaches to affordable housing provision provides a major challenge for urban policy. Community Land Trusts (CLTs) offer one strategy that is increasingly adopted in the housing policy realm. This project will address the question of how the geographical scale of a Community Land Trust affects its relationships in regional land and housing governance including interactions with other non-profit and government agencies, and its geographical identity. CLTs are private, not-for-profit organizations that own residential land in trust for a community, and are defined by membership and geographical boundaries at varying scales, from the sub-neighborhood to the urban region. CLTs offer long-term renewable leases for the use of their land to members, who in turn own the homes built on that land. A grassroots approach, CLTs initially developed in particular urban neighborhoods, but they are increasingly expanding their territories to cover large geographical areas, such as an entire city or county. Since CLTs are a potential and growing vehicle for supporting community-led redevelopment, their successes and failures have public policy implications. The project will offer insights about how CLTs relate to various levels of government as well as to their members, in geographically dispersed land trusts. Consequently, it will enhance understandings of urban development, community identity, and land regulation. The researchers will develop local and national advisory committees drawn from policy makers in CLTs and relevant government and non-profit institutions in order to drawn upon insights from, and disseminate research findings to, individuals and organizations working within and with housing-oriented community land trusts.The project examines the importance of law and public policy in shaping land governance and the impacts on residents' perceptions of place and community. Through a combination of archival research, semi-structured interviews and roving interviews, the researchers will explore how community land trusts are structured legally, socially, and geographically. They examine the relationships of CLTs with members and non-members within the CLTs' territories as well as their relationships with local, regional, and federal governments. A case study of five CLTs within the Minneapolis - St. Paul metropolitan area allows for examination of the different ways that geography affects community identity and land use governance in CLTs, because the five CLTs vary in territorial extent. This comparison of neighborhood- and regional-scale impacts highlights the different ways that local and regional state institutions can engage with the project of CLT development with differential effects.

满足所有公民的住房需求，并科学理解各种负担得起的住房提供的含义和影响为城市政策提供了重大挑战。社区土地信托（CLTS）提供了一种越来越多地在住房政策领域采用的策略。 该项目将解决社区土地信托的地理规模如何影响其在区域土地和住房治理中的关系，包括与其他非营利和政府机构的互动以及其地理身份。 CLT是私人的，非营利的组织，它们拥有一个为社区信任的住宅土地，并且由从次要地下到城市地区的成员和地理边界定义。 CLT提供了将其土地使用的长期可再生租赁提供给成员，而土地又拥有在该土地上建造的房屋。 CLT是一种基层方法，最初是在特别是城市社区开发的，但他们越来越扩大其领土，以覆盖大型地理区域，例如整个城市或县。 由于CLT是支持社区主导的重建的潜力且不断增长的工具，因此他们的成功和失败具有公共政策的影响。 该项目将提供有关CLT与各级政府及其成员之间如何与地理分散的土地信托有关的见解。 因此，它将增强对城市发展，社区认同和土地监管的理解。 研究人员将建立从CLT和相关政府和非营利机构中的政策制定者提取的地方和国家咨询委员会，以吸引从内部和面向住房的社区土地信任的个人和组织中的见解，并将研究结果传播到塑造土地政府和居民的影响方面的重要性。 通过档案研究，半结构化访谈和巡回访谈的结合，研究人员将探讨社区土地信托在法律，社会和地理上的结构如何。 他们研究了CLT与CLT领土内的成员和非会员的关系，以及他们与地方，地区和联邦政府的关系。对明尼阿波利斯 - 圣保罗大都市地区五个CLT的案例研究允许研究地理影响社区身份和土地利用治理的不同方式，因为五个CLT在领土上有所不同。 邻里和区域尺度的这种比较影响了地方和地区国家机构可以与CLT开发项目相关的不同方式，并具有不同的影响。