Enhancing Efficiency of Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization

提高原子转移自由基聚合的效率

• 批准号: 1400052
• 负责人: Krzysztof Matyjaszewski
• 金额: $ 48.5万
• 依托单位: Carnegie-Mellon University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-06-15 至 2017-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1400052&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Enhancing; Efficiency; Atom; Transfer; Radical

Polymers are used in a wide range of products including household appliances, furniture, automotive components, electronics, medical devices, and pharmaceuticals. Atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) is an important method for synthesis of well-defined polymers. ATRP is already commercially used by several companies world-wide and therefore, it is critically important to enhance efficiency of the polymerization process and minimize its environmental impact. The Macromolecular, Supramolecular and Nanochemistry Program of the Chemistry Division supports research of Prof. Matyjaszewski of Carnegie-Mellon University (CMU) to increase our fundamental understanding of the correlation between structure and activities of ATRP catalysts. The results of this research could lead to more efficient catalysts and new catalysts in benign media, such as water, and affect commercial production of well-defined polymers made by ATRP. The generated information is disseminated via timely publications, at (inter)national meetings, and at CMU web-site. The knowledge gained is also shared with industry through the Controlled Radical Polymerization (CRP) Consortium. In addition, this project provides education and research training opportunities to undergraduate and graduate students, preparing them for careers in academia or polymer industry. The proposed research activities include design, synthesis and evaluation of new highly active, selective and stable copper(Cu)- and iron(Fe)-based ATRP catalysts. The project encompasses computational modeling, kinetic and mechanistic studies, and polymer synthesis and characterization. The mechanism of reduction (comproportionation/disproportionation) and activation processes by Cu(0) and Cu(I)in aqueous media are investigated. Improved livingness and efficiency of new catalyst in benign media can impact various areas of polymer science by giving access to complex (co)polymers with better controlled architecture. New active iron-based catalysts should be less expensive and less toxic than copper-based systems, and potentially can also expand range of polymerizable monomers and open new avenues for synthesis of well-defined polymers for advanced applications.

聚合物广泛用于各种产品，包括家用电器、家具、汽车零部件、电子产品、医疗设备和药品。原子转移自由基聚合（ATRP）是合成具有良好定义的聚合物的一种重要方法。ATRP已被世界各地的几家公司商业化使用，因此，提高聚合过程的效率并尽量减少其对环境的影响至关重要。化学学部的大分子、超分子和纳米化学项目支持卡内基-梅隆大学（CMU） Matyjaszewski教授的研究，以增加我们对ATRP催化剂结构和活性之间关系的基本理解。这项研究的结果可能会导致更高效的催化剂和在良性介质（如水）中使用的新催化剂，并影响由ATRP制成的定义明确的聚合物的商业化生产。生成的信息通过及时的出版物、（国际）国家会议和CMU网站传播。所获得的知识也通过控制自由基聚合（CRP）联盟与工业界共享。此外，该项目还为本科生和研究生提供教育和研究培训机会，为他们在学术界或聚合物行业的职业生涯做好准备。建议的研究活动包括设计，合成和评价新的高活性，选择性和稳定的铜(Cu)-和铁（Fe）基ATRP催化剂。该项目包括计算建模，动力学和机理研究，以及聚合物合成和表征。研究了Cu(0)和Cu(I)在水介质中的还原（比例/歧化）机理和活化过程。新型催化剂在良性介质中的活性和效率的提高，可以通过更好地控制结构的复杂（co）聚合物来影响聚合物科学的各个领域。新的活性铁基催化剂应该比铜基催化剂更便宜，毒性更小，并且可能还可以扩大可聚合单体的范围，并为合成具有高级应用的明确定义的聚合物开辟新的途径。