Dissertation Research: The role of gene duplication and symbiont association in the evolution of sea anemone venom

论文研究：基因复制和共生体关联在海葵毒液进化中的作用

• 批准号: 1401014
• 负责人: Marymegan Daly
• 金额: $ 1.97万
• 依托单位: Ohio State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-06-01 至 2017-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1401014&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Dissertation; Research; role; gene; duplication

The diversity of venoms within a group of organisms is largely the product of gene duplication and subsequent DNA sequence diversification. The specifics of this process remain obscure in most organisms. The planned research uses sea anemones (Cnidaria: Anthozoa, Actiniaria) as a model to understand the genome-level processes like gene duplications in shaping venom repertoire. The incidence of gene duplication and the processes by which duplicated genes diversify or become non-functional can be inferred through the analysis of the sequences that flank functional venom genes and the regions of the genome in which venoms are particularly common.Sea anemones are part of the oldest and largest group of extant venomous animals. Their venoms exhibit a variety of functions, including disrupting the control of ion channels, destabilizing cellular membranes, or inhibiting synthesis of lipids. The functional and structural diversity of venoms is underpinned by an even greater degree of diversity at the genetic level. This more detailed account of venom diversity thus has potential for studies of function and structure of venom, and may have applications of interest to pharmacological or medical research. Additional benefits to the broader community include the training of graduate and undergraduate students, outreach to general and technical audiences through presentations, and published scientific studies of gene diversity and evolution.

一组生物体内毒液的多样性在很大程度上是基因复制和随后DNA序列多样化的产物。这个过程的细节在大多数生物体中仍然不清楚。 计划中的研究使用海葵（刺胞动物门：珊瑚虫门，Actiniaria）作为模型，以了解基因组水平的过程，如形成毒液库的基因复制。 基因复制的发生率和复制基因多样化或变得无功能的过程可以通过分析功能性毒液基因侧翼的序列和毒液特别常见的基因组区域来推断。海葵是现存最古老和最大的有毒动物群的一部分。它们的毒液具有多种功能，包括破坏离子通道的控制、破坏细胞膜的稳定或抑制脂质的合成。毒液的功能和结构多样性是由基因层面上更大程度的多样性所支撑的。这种更详细的毒液多样性，因此有潜力的毒液的功能和结构的研究，并可能有兴趣的药理学或医学研究的应用。 对更广泛的社区的其他好处包括培训研究生和本科生，通过介绍和出版基因多样性和进化的科学研究，向一般和技术受众进行宣传。