High Energy Physics Research at the CMS Experiment

CMS 实验中的高能物理研究

• 批准号: 1401223
• 负责人: Salvatore Rappoccio
• 金额: $ 46.5万
• 依托单位: SUNY at Buffalo
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-05-15 至 2017-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1401223&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Energy; Physics; Research; CMS; Experiment

One of the major intellectual achievements of the 20th century was the development of the Standard Model (SM) of particle physics. This model succeeded in classifying all of the elementary particles known at the time into a hierarchy of groups having similar quantum properties. The validity of this model to date was recently confirmed by the discovery of the Higgs boson at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN. However, the Standard Model as it currently exists leaves open many questions about the universe, including such fundamental questions as to why the Higgs mass has the value it has. In this project new analysis techniques will be applied in the search for "Beyond the Standard Model" new physics using data collected at the Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) experiment at the LHC. The LHC is a premier Energy Frontier particle accelerator, operating at the CERN laboratory near Geneva Switzerland. It is currently one of the foremost facilities for answering "Beyond the Standard Model" questions and studying the properties of the Higgs boson. The new technique, boosted jet algorithms, is a way of discovering the properties of primary quarks decaying from new particles such as the Higgs boson. The signature of quarks from a primary interaction in CMS is the formation of a large number of detected particles all flowing in approximately the same direction. This formation is known as a jet. Extracting jets from background and measuring the energy and precise direction of a jet requires sophisticated algorithms such as the boosted jet algorithm that will be used here. These quarks are difficult to detect because they are hidden in a background of particles coming from uninteresting decays, the so-called pile-up background. The quark jets of interest here are coming from the decay of new particles such as the Higgs boson and other as-yet undiscovered, but theoretically proposed, particles that decay to highly boosted (high kinetic energy) top quarks and di-boson resonances (WW, ZZ and WZ). The boosted jet algorithm and other related techniques are showing great promise in identifying boosted jets in the presence of high background and are being used productively in the analysis of CMS data.The broader impact of this work involves extending the coverage of the current outreach program at the University of Buffalo (UB) to engage the broader public in discussions of major results in particle physics, as well as to enliven particle physics for young students. This will be implemented based on similar events as the "HiggsFest" that the PI organized at UB.

20世纪的主要智力成就之一是粒子物理标准模型(SM)的发展。这个模型成功地将当时已知的所有基本粒子归入具有相似量子性质的群组的层次结构中。最近在欧洲核子研究中心的大型强子对撞机(LHC)上发现的希格斯玻色子证实了这个模型到目前为止的有效性。然而，目前存在的标准模型留下了许多关于宇宙的问题，包括为什么希格斯质量具有它的价值这样的基本问题。在这个项目中，新的分析技术将应用于寻找“超越标准模型”的新物理，使用在大型强子对撞机上的紧凑型介子螺线管(CMS)实验中收集的数据。大型强子对撞机是一台主要的能源前沿粒子加速器，在瑞士日内瓦附近的欧洲核子研究中心实验室运行。它目前是回答“超越标准模型”问题和研究希格斯玻色子性质的最重要的设备之一。这项名为Boost JET算法的新技术是一种发现从希格斯玻色子等新粒子中衰变的初级夸克性质的方法。在CMS中，来自初级相互作用的夸克的特征是形成了大量被检测到的粒子，这些粒子都在大致相同的方向上流动。这种编队被称为喷流。从背景中提取喷流并测量喷流的能量和精确方向需要复杂的算法，例如这里将使用的Boost Jet算法。这些夸克很难被发现，因为它们隐藏在粒子的背景中，这些粒子来自于乏味的衰变，也就是所谓的堆积背景。这里感兴趣的夸克喷流来自新粒子的衰变，如希格斯玻色子和其他尚未被发现但理论上提出的粒子，这些粒子衰变到高度增强(高动能)的顶夸克和双玻色子共振(WW，ZZ和WZ)。Boost JET算法和其他相关技术在识别高背景下的Boost Jet方面显示出巨大的前景，并被有效地用于CMS数据的分析。这项工作的更广泛影响包括扩大布法罗大学(UB)当前扩展计划的覆盖范围，让更广泛的公众参与粒子物理学的主要结果的讨论，以及为年轻学生活跃粒子物理。这将根据与国际和平协会在亚利桑那州组织的“HiggsFest”类似的活动来实施。