NSF Postdoctoral Fellowship in Biology FY 2014

2014 财年 NSF 生物学博士后奖学金

• 批准号: 1402033
• 负责人: Zakary Ratajczak
• 金额: $ 23.69万
• 依托单位: Ratajczak Zakary
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Fellowship Award
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-07-15 至 2017-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1402033&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: NSF; Postdoctoral; Fellowship; Biology; FY

NSF Postdoctoral Research Fellowships in Biology combine research and training to prepare young scientists for careers in emerging areas where biology intersects with other scientific disciplines, in this case with mathematics and economics. The Fellows are expected to be leaders of the nation's scientific workforce of the future. This fellowship to Zak Ratajczak supports research and training that address the question, "Does economic connectedness undermine environmental stability?" The host institutions for this fellowship are the University of Virginia and Stockholm University and the sponsoring scientists are Drs. Paolo D'Odorico and Carl Folke, respectively. Training goals for the fellowship include developing skills in theoretical modeling of modern social-ecological systems, including nonlinear dynamics and network theory. The research results are expected to be useful to public policy and are being disseminated through workshops with multiple stakeholder groups and policy recommendations. Educational outreach to K-12 and undergraduate groups seeks to foster deeper thinking of how humans and ecosystems affect each other. This fellowship is jointly funded by the Office of International Science and Engineering, the Directorate for Geosciences, and the Directorate for Biological Sciences.This research addresses the extent to which ecological and social-ecological systems are capable of abrupt and difficult-to-reverse transitions, referred to as 'tipping points.' The research represents ecosystems as a series of ecological components interconnected over long distances by human economies an advance over many models that consider only naturally occurring connections between ecosystems. It addresses whether these economic connections accentuate existing tipping points and create large-scale ecological tipping points that do not exist in the absence of humans. Using these models, the research seeks to identify adaptive strategies to avoid tipping points, including alterations of underlying biological diversity. Analyses of different modes of market behavior and resource sharing should provide strategies for navigating stochastic fluctuations in natural resources. Furthermore, by explicitly integrating conspicuous components of ecosystem structure and the price indexes of key biological goods into the models, it should be possible to detect dynamic behaviors that often emerge near tipping points in social-ecological networks. Being aware of such behaviors could help avoid large ecological tipping in economically important ecosystems such as croplands, rangelands, and fisheries.

NSF生物学博士后研究奖学金将联合收割机研究和培训结合起来，为年轻科学家在生物学与其他科学学科交叉的新兴领域的职业生涯做好准备，在这种情况下，与数学和经济学。这些研究员有望成为国家未来科学工作者的领导者。Zak Ratajczak的奖学金支持解决以下问题的研究和培训：“经济联系是否会破坏环境稳定？“该研究金的主办机构是弗吉尼亚大学和斯德哥尔摩大学，赞助科学家分别是Paolo D 'Odorico博士和Carl Folke博士。该奖学金的培训目标包括发展现代社会生态系统的理论建模技能，包括非线性动力学和网络理论。预计研究结果将对公共政策有用，并通过与多个利益攸关方团体和政策建议举办的讲习班加以传播。对K-12和本科生群体的教育推广旨在促进对人类和生态系统如何相互影响的更深入思考。 该奖学金由国际科学与工程办公室、地球科学理事会和生物科学理事会共同资助，研究生态系统和社会生态系统能够发生突然和难以逆转的转变的程度，即“临界点”。“这项研究将生态系统描述为一系列通过人类经济长距离相互联系的生态组成部分，这是对许多仅考虑生态系统之间自然发生的联系的模型的进步。它解决了这些经济联系是否突出了现有的临界点，并创造了在没有人类的情况下不存在的大规模生态临界点。利用这些模型，研究试图确定适应性策略，以避免临界点，包括改变潜在的生物多样性。对市场行为和资源分享的不同模式进行分析，应能为驾驭自然资源的随机波动提供战略。此外，通过明确地将生态系统结构的显著组成部分和关键生物产品的价格指数纳入模型，应该可以检测到经常出现在社会生态网络临界点附近的动态行为。意识到这些行为有助于避免在农田、牧场和渔业等具有重要经济意义的生态系统中发生大规模生态倾翻。