DISSERTATION RESEARCH: Primate Re-infection with Environmentally Transmitted Parasites: a Field Experiment

论文研究：灵长类动物再次感染环境传播的寄生虫：现场实验

• 批准号: 1403861
• 负责人: Tony Goldberg
• 金额: $ 1.96万
• 依托单位: University of Wisconsin-Madison
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-08-01 至 2015-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1403861&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: DISSERTATION; RESEARCH; Primate; Re; infection

As our social environment changes, combinations of physical, biological and social stressors are increasingly affecting human health. Using a social group of red-capped mangabeys in Nigeria naturally re-infected with environmentally transmitted pathogens, this research will take a novel and interdisciplinary approach to understanding how human societies respond to emerging environmental health threats. This study will provide data that can help inform real and lasting solutions to the great problem of health disparities in the United States today. These research activities will foster scholarly cooperation between academic institutions in the US and Sub-Saharan Africa. Additionally, research activities in the field will have both direct and indirect benefits to endangered species and vulnerable habitats. The dissemination of the results to diverse audiences will enhance translational value of this research and increase public scientific literacy. Finally, because primate populations make good models for social animals, including human societies, the results will benefit the well-being of humans and wildlife living in shared changing environments globally.The study will examine how primate behavior, stress, and social and health status influence susceptibility to infection during host exposure to new pathogens. Specifically, red-capped mangabeys will be followed after a de-worming event, and patterns of re-infection with gastrointestinal parasites will be measured. Fecal samples and behavioral data will be collected using combined focal and ad libitum sampling and will be used to measure individual host characteristics influencing exposure and susceptibility to infection and ensuing reductions in fitness. Laboratory analyses of gastro-intestinal parasites and stress hormone analysis will be conducted using high-performance liquid chromatography to predict individual levels of infection and re-infection. Lastly, data from social interactions will also be analyzed using UCINET to explore social network and proximity characteristics of exposure and susceptibility. Data from parasites recovered from non-human primates will be submitted to the Global Mammal Parasite Database (http://www.mammalparasites.org/ ).

随着我们的社会环境的变化，身体、生物和社会压力的组合正在越来越多地影响人类健康。这项研究利用尼日利亚自然再次感染环境传播病原体的一群红帽曼加比，将采用一种新颖的跨学科方法来了解人类社会如何应对新出现的环境健康威胁。这项研究将提供数据，帮助为当今美国巨大的健康差距问题提供真正和持久的解决方案。这些研究活动将促进美国和撒哈拉以南非洲学术机构之间的学术合作。此外，该领域的研究活动将对濒危物种和脆弱的栖息地产生直接和间接的好处。将研究成果传播给不同的受众，将提高这项研究的翻译价值，提高公众的科学素养。最后，由于灵长类种群是包括人类社会在内的群居动物的良好模型，因此研究结果将有利于生活在全球共同变化环境中的人类和野生动物的福祉。这项研究将研究灵长类动物的行为、压力以及社会和健康状况如何影响宿主在接触新病原体时对感染的易感性。具体地说，在驱虫事件后将跟踪红帽曼加比，并将测量再次感染胃肠道寄生虫的模式。粪便样本和行为数据将使用重点和自由抽样相结合的方式收集，并将用于衡量影响暴露和感染敏感性以及随之而来的适应性降低的个体宿主特征。将使用高效液相色谱法进行胃肠道寄生虫的实验室分析和应激激素分析，以预测个人感染和再感染的水平。最后，还将使用UCINET分析来自社会互动的数据，以探索接触和易感性的社会网络和邻近特征。从非人灵长类动物身上回收的寄生虫数据将提交给全球哺乳动物寄生虫数据库(http://www.mammalparasites.org/)。