Doctoral Dissertation Research: Social relationships, predation risks, and primate sleep

博士论文研究：社会关系、捕食风险和灵长类动物睡眠

• 批准号: 2041679
• 负责人: Damien Caillaud
• 金额: $ 2.52万
• 依托单位: University of California-Davis
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-08-01 至 2023-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2041679&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Doctoral; Dissertation; Research; Social; relationships

This award is funded in whole or in part under the American Rescue Plan Act of 2021 (Public Law 117-2). This doctoral dissertation research investigates how group-living primates decide where to sleep at night, and how their choice of where to sleep influences their sleep quality. The project considers how physical features of the environment as well as the differentiated and multi-faceted social relationships that are characteristic of primate group mates impact this important decision. By investigating the consequences of this choice on sleep quality, the research provides a comparative perspective for understanding how early human ancestors survived night predation and obtained sufficient sleep while doing so. This project supports STEM research capacity building at the field site as well as interdisciplinary research opportunities to both undergraduate and graduate students from groups underrepresented in STEM. There are plans to share products of this research with academic and public audiences through scientific manuscripts, public lectures, and popular-science blog contributions. Like other savannah-dwelling primates, baboons seek refuge at night in trees and on cliffs to mitigate the risk of nocturnal predation. When choosing a spot in which to sleep within the nighttime refuge, baboons face not only a heterogeneous physical environment that could create asymmetries in the perceived quality of sleep spot alternatives, but also a variable ecological context and dynamic social environment that could further modulate the preferences and availability associated with each sleep spot. Despite substantial research interest, practical limitations have prevented a systematic investigation of how primates navigate this critically important, yet complex decision-making landscape. This project combines traditional field methods in primatology with the latest technological advances to overcome practical limitations, allowing investigators to (1) characterize baboons’ sleep spot preferences; (2) assess how individuals update their sleep spot choices in a dynamic social environment; (3) determine whether acquiring a preferred sleep spot translates to a measurable benefit for sleep; and (4) test how the perceived risk of predation affects sleep spot decision-making dynamics and sleep quality. The project uses methods in field primatology to describe the group's social dynamics, 3D laser scanning to assess metrics of sleep spots, thermal imagery and convolutional neural networks to track baboons' decisions throughout the night, accelerometry to evaluate sleep quality, and predator playbacks to manipulate the perceived risk of predation. By examining these aims using olive baboons, the collaborative and interdisciplinary research informs discussions of how early human ancestors may have made complex decisions when they were most vulnerable.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

该奖项是根据2021年《美国救援计划法》（公法117-2）全部或部分资助的。这项博士学位论文研究调查了小组生活的私人如何决定在晚上在哪里睡觉，以及他们选择在哪里睡眠会影响他们的睡眠质量。该项目考虑了环境的物理特征以及灵长类动物群体的特征的差异化和多方面的社会关系如何影响这一重要决定。通过研究这种选择对睡眠质量的后果，该研究提供了一种比较的观点，可以理解早期的人类祖先在夜间演讲中如何生存并获得足够的睡眠。该项目支持现场现场的STEM研究能力建设，以及来自STEM中代表性不足的本科生和研究生的跨学科研究机会。有计划通过科学手稿，公共讲座和流行科学博客贡献与学术和公众观众共享这项研究的产品。像其他萨凡纳居住的素数一样，狒狒在夜间在树木和悬崖上寻求避难所，以减轻夜间掠夺的风险。当选择一个在夜间避难所内睡觉的地方时，狒狒不仅面对一个异质的身体环境，该环境可能会在睡眠点替代品的感知质量中造成不对称性，而且还可以使可变的生态环境和动态社交环境进一步调节与每个睡眠点相关的偏好和可用性。尽管有很大的研究兴趣，但实际限制仍阻止了灵长类动物如何在这种至关重要但复杂的决策格局中进行系统投资。该项目结合了启示性的传统现场方法和克服实际限制的最新技术进步，使研究人员能够（1）表征狒狒的睡眠点偏好； （2）评估个人如何在动态的社交环境中更新自己的睡眠点选择； （3）确定获取首选的睡眠点是否转化为可测量的睡眠益处； （4）测试预测的感知风险如何影响睡眠斑点决策动态和睡眠质量。该项目使用现场启示中的方法来描述该小组的社会动态，3D激光扫描来评估睡眠点的指标，热图像和卷积神经网络，以跟踪狒狒在整个夜晚的决策，加速度计量计，以评估睡眠质量和捕食者播放以操纵感知的掠夺风险。通过使用橄榄狒狒检查这些目标，该协作和跨学科研究会为讨论在最脆弱的早期祖先时可能如何做出复杂的决定。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并通过使用基金会的知识分子和广泛的影响来审查审查标准来通过评估来诚实地通过评估来诚实地支持。