Studies in Elementary Particle Physics

基本粒子物理研究

• 批准号: 1404302
• 负责人: Morris Swartz
• 金额: $ 180万
• 依托单位: Johns Hopkins University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-05-15 至 2017-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1404302&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Studies; Elementary; Particle; Physics

One of the major intellectual achievements of the 20th century was the development of the Standard Model (SM) of particle physics. This model succeeded in classifying all of the elementary particles known at the time into a hierarchy of groups having similar quantum properties. The validity of this model to date was recently confirmed by the discovery of the Higgs boson at the Large Hadron Collider at CERN. However, the Standard Model as it currently exists leaves open many questions about the universe, including such fundamental questions as to why the Higgs mass has the value it has. The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) is the premier Energy Frontier particle accelerator operating at the CERN laboratory near Geneva Switzerland. It is currently one of the foremost facilities for answering these Beyond the Standard Model questions and studying the properties of the Higgs boson. The work proposed here will continue the pioneering effort that this group did in the discovery of the Higgs by the Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) experiment at CERN. They have been a leader in the study of Higgs properties, and have developed important tools used by the community as a whole. The group led the work on the 4-lepton decay channel in the discovery of the Higgs. One of the innovations developed by this group is known as the Matrix Element Likelihood Approach (MELA), an analysis technique that allowed CMS to determine the quantum numbers of the Higgs. The work proposed here will expand that technique, applying it to the new higher energy data that will soon be delivered by the LHC and use it in new searches for physics beyond the Standard Model.This project would also support technical contributions to the operation of the CMS detector and to the study of new detector technology for high luminosity upgrades of the LHC. The operational contributions are based on techniques that are currently in use or are derived from those currently in use. The contributions to the study of detector upgrades are based on tools that were developed to support the present operation.Broader Impacts:The impact of the proposed research program reaches beyond the narrow definition of particle physics. The proposed work on active pixel detector technology has application to instrumentation used at synchrotron light sources to study materials and biological systems. The proposed research has a strong educational component. It provides direct support and training for a number of students. In particular, the testing of prototype detectors for future upgrades would provide a diversity of experiences that are not otherwise available to young scientists working in particle physics. The PI's group is the host of a QuarkNet center that has a current membership of 25 Baltimore area high school teachers. The QuarkNet Center has initiated and helped to organize a very successful series of regional Physics Fairs that have brought science to thousands of area residents.

20世纪的主要知识成就之一是粒子物理学标准模型（SM）的发展。该模型成功地将当时已知的所有基本粒子分类为具有相似量子特性的组的层次结构。迄今为止，该模型的有效性最近通过在CERN的大型强子对撞机上发现了Higgs玻色子。但是，目前存在的标准模型为宇宙留下了许多问题，包括有关希格斯质量为何具有其价值的基本问题。大型强子对撞机（LHC）是在瑞士日内瓦附近的CERN实验室运营的主要能量边界粒子加速器。 目前，它是回答这些问题超出标准模型问题并研究希格斯玻色子的特性的最重要的设施之一。 这里提出的工作将继续该小组在CERN的紧凑型哑螺（CMS）实验发现希格斯时所做的开创性工作。他们一直是希格斯物业研究的领导者，并开发了整个社区使用的重要工具。该小组在发现希格斯的4-lepton衰减频道上领导了这项工作。该组开发的创新之一被称为矩阵元素可能性方法（MELA），这是一种允许CMS确定HIGGS量子数的分析技术。这里提出的工作将扩展该技术，将其应用于LHC很快将提供的新的高级能量数据，并将其应用于标准模型之外的物理搜索中。该项目还将支持CMS探测器运行的技术贡献，并为LHC高亮度升级的新探测器技术研究。操作贡献基于当前正在使用或源自当前正在使用的技术的技术。对检测器升级研究的贡献是基于为支持当前操作而开发的工具。Broader的影响：拟议的研究计划的影响超出了粒子物理学的狭义定义。主动像素检测器技术的拟议工作已应用于同步灯源用于研究材料和生物系统的仪器。拟议的研究具有强大的教育成分。它为许多学生提供直接的支持和培训。特别是，对未来升级的原型探测器的测试将提供多种经验，而从事粒子物理学的年轻科学家则无法获得这些体验。 PI的小组是一个Quarknet中心的主持人，该中心目前拥有25个巴尔的摩地区高中教师的会员资格。 Quarknet中心已经发起并帮助组织了一系列非常成功的区域物理博览会，这些博览会将科学带到了数千个地区居民。