Studies in Elementary Particle Physics

基本粒子物理研究

• 批准号: 1404302
• 负责人: Morris Swartz
• 金额: $ 180万
• 依托单位: Johns Hopkins University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-05-15 至 2017-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1404302&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Studies; Elementary; Particle; Physics

One of the major intellectual achievements of the 20th century was the development of the Standard Model (SM) of particle physics. This model succeeded in classifying all of the elementary particles known at the time into a hierarchy of groups having similar quantum properties. The validity of this model to date was recently confirmed by the discovery of the Higgs boson at the Large Hadron Collider at CERN. However, the Standard Model as it currently exists leaves open many questions about the universe, including such fundamental questions as to why the Higgs mass has the value it has. The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) is the premier Energy Frontier particle accelerator operating at the CERN laboratory near Geneva Switzerland. It is currently one of the foremost facilities for answering these Beyond the Standard Model questions and studying the properties of the Higgs boson. The work proposed here will continue the pioneering effort that this group did in the discovery of the Higgs by the Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) experiment at CERN. They have been a leader in the study of Higgs properties, and have developed important tools used by the community as a whole. The group led the work on the 4-lepton decay channel in the discovery of the Higgs. One of the innovations developed by this group is known as the Matrix Element Likelihood Approach (MELA), an analysis technique that allowed CMS to determine the quantum numbers of the Higgs. The work proposed here will expand that technique, applying it to the new higher energy data that will soon be delivered by the LHC and use it in new searches for physics beyond the Standard Model.This project would also support technical contributions to the operation of the CMS detector and to the study of new detector technology for high luminosity upgrades of the LHC. The operational contributions are based on techniques that are currently in use or are derived from those currently in use. The contributions to the study of detector upgrades are based on tools that were developed to support the present operation.Broader Impacts:The impact of the proposed research program reaches beyond the narrow definition of particle physics. The proposed work on active pixel detector technology has application to instrumentation used at synchrotron light sources to study materials and biological systems. The proposed research has a strong educational component. It provides direct support and training for a number of students. In particular, the testing of prototype detectors for future upgrades would provide a diversity of experiences that are not otherwise available to young scientists working in particle physics. The PI's group is the host of a QuarkNet center that has a current membership of 25 Baltimore area high school teachers. The QuarkNet Center has initiated and helped to organize a very successful series of regional Physics Fairs that have brought science to thousands of area residents.

世纪的主要学术成就之一是粒子物理学标准模型（SM）的发展。该模型成功地将当时已知的所有基本粒子分类为具有相似量子特性的组的层次结构。最近，欧洲核子研究中心的大型强子对撞机发现了希格斯玻色子，证实了这一模型的有效性。然而，目前存在的标准模型留下了许多关于宇宙的问题，包括为什么希格斯质量具有它的价值等基本问题。大型强子对撞机（LHC）是在瑞士日内瓦附近的欧洲核子研究中心实验室运行的首要能源前沿粒子加速器。 它是目前回答这些超越标准模型问题和研究希格斯玻色子性质的最重要的设施之一。 这里提出的工作将继续该小组在CERN的紧凑μ子螺线管（CMS）实验中发现希格斯粒子的开创性努力。他们一直是希格斯性质研究的领导者，并开发了整个社区使用的重要工具。在希格斯玻色子的发现中，该小组领导了4轻子衰变通道的工作。该小组开发的创新之一被称为矩阵元素似然法（MELA），这是一种允许CMS确定希格斯粒子量子数的分析技术。本文提出的工作将扩展该技术，将其应用于LHC即将提供的新的更高能量数据，并将其用于标准模型之外的新的物理搜索。该项目还将支持CMS探测器的操作和LHC高亮度升级的新探测器技术研究的技术贡献。业务贡献基于目前使用的技术或从目前使用的技术衍生而来。对探测器升级研究的贡献是基于为支持当前操作而开发的工具。更广泛的影响：拟议研究计划的影响超出了粒子物理学的狭义定义。主动像素探测器技术的拟议工作已应用于仪器在同步加速器光源研究材料和生物系统。拟议的研究具有很强的教育成分。它为一些学生提供直接支持和培训。特别是，为今后升级而对原型探测器进行的测试将提供从事粒子物理学工作的年轻科学家无法获得的各种经验。PI的小组是一个QuarkNet中心的主持人，该中心目前有25名巴尔的摩地区的高中教师。QuarkNet中心发起并帮助组织了一系列非常成功的区域物理博览会，为数千名当地居民带来了科学。