DISSERTATION RESEARCH: Determining the drivers of annual methane emissions in temperate wetlands

论文研究：确定温带湿地年度甲烷排放的驱动因素

• 批准号: 1405715
• 负责人: Whendee Silver
• 金额: $ 1.63万
• 依托单位: University of California-Berkeley
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-06-01 至 2016-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1405715&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: DISSERTATION; RESEARCH; Determining; drivers; annual

Wetlands are the largest natural sources of the potent greenhouse gas methane. Production of methane in wetlands can be fueled by a range of carbon substrates, including organic matter recently derived from plant material and organic matter that has been stored in the soil for many years. The relative contributions of old and young carbon substrates to methane emissions are not well constrained but may impact whether wetland ecosystems accelerate or mitigate future climate changes. This project will use field measurements and controlled laboratory experiments to determine seasonal changes in the carbon sources that fuel methane production in a wetland in the Sacramento Delta, California; formerly the largest region of freshwater wetlands in the western United States. The study site is characteristic of highly seasonal temperate wetlands. Natural gradients will be used to explore ecological and meteorological drivers of methane dynamics.This research will provide rare and valuable data on seasonal variation of carbon sources for methane production in a wetland environment. The work will also take place in the broader context of wetland restoration in the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta, California, where 150 years of land drainage has led to extreme land subsidence, very large greenhouse gas emissions, and a range of other hydrological and ecological issues. Public and private agencies will be engaged to translate the scientific results of this project into information for public stakeholders and agencies concerned with the future of the Delta. A specific outcome of collaboration will be to provide assistance with the development of a wetland restoration protocols to quantify and minimize methane emissions in delta ecosystems.

湿地是强效温室气体甲烷的最大天然来源。湿地中甲烷的产生可以通过一系列碳底物来推动，包括最近从植物材料中提取的有机物和已经在土壤中储存多年的有机物。旧碳底物和新碳底物对甲烷排放的相对贡献并没有得到很好的限制，但可能会影响湿地生态系统是否加速或减轻未来的气候变化。 该项目将利用现场测量和受控实验室实验来确定加利福尼亚州萨克拉门托三角洲湿地中促进甲烷生产的碳源的季节性变化；曾经是美国西部最大的淡水湿地地区。研究地点具有强季节性温带湿地的特点。自然梯度将用于探索甲烷动态的生态和气象驱动因素。这项研究将为湿地环境中甲烷生产的碳源季节变化提供罕见且有价值的数据。这项工作还将在加利福尼亚州萨克拉门托-圣华金三角洲的湿地恢复的更广泛背景下进行，该地区150年的土地排水导致了极端的地面沉降、大量温室气体排放以及一系列其他水文和生态问题。公共和私人机构将参与将该项目的科学成果转化为公共利益相关者和关心三角洲未来的机构的信息。合作的具体成果将是协助制定湿地恢复协议，以量化和最大限度地减少三角洲生态系统中的甲烷排放。