DISSERTATION RESEARCH: Determining the drivers of annual methane emissions in temperate wetlands

论文研究：确定温带湿地年度甲烷排放的驱动因素

• 批准号: 1405715
• 负责人: Whendee Silver
• 金额: $ 1.63万
• 依托单位: University of California-Berkeley
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-06-01 至 2016-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1405715&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: DISSERTATION; RESEARCH; Determining; drivers; annual

Wetlands are the largest natural sources of the potent greenhouse gas methane. Production of methane in wetlands can be fueled by a range of carbon substrates, including organic matter recently derived from plant material and organic matter that has been stored in the soil for many years. The relative contributions of old and young carbon substrates to methane emissions are not well constrained but may impact whether wetland ecosystems accelerate or mitigate future climate changes. This project will use field measurements and controlled laboratory experiments to determine seasonal changes in the carbon sources that fuel methane production in a wetland in the Sacramento Delta, California; formerly the largest region of freshwater wetlands in the western United States. The study site is characteristic of highly seasonal temperate wetlands. Natural gradients will be used to explore ecological and meteorological drivers of methane dynamics.This research will provide rare and valuable data on seasonal variation of carbon sources for methane production in a wetland environment. The work will also take place in the broader context of wetland restoration in the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta, California, where 150 years of land drainage has led to extreme land subsidence, very large greenhouse gas emissions, and a range of other hydrological and ecological issues. Public and private agencies will be engaged to translate the scientific results of this project into information for public stakeholders and agencies concerned with the future of the Delta. A specific outcome of collaboration will be to provide assistance with the development of a wetland restoration protocols to quantify and minimize methane emissions in delta ecosystems.

湿地是强有力的温室气体甲烷的最大自然来源。湿地中甲烷的产生可以由一系列碳基质提供燃料，包括最近从植物材料中提取的有机物和已在土壤中储存多年的有机物。老的和年轻的碳基质对甲烷排放的相对贡献没有受到很好的限制，但可能会影响湿地生态系统是加速还是减缓未来的气候变化。该项目将使用现场测量和受控的实验室实验来确定在加利福尼亚州萨克拉门托三角洲湿地产生甲烷的碳源的季节性变化；该湿地以前是美国西部最大的淡水湿地区域。研究区具有高季节性温带湿地的特点。将利用自然梯度来探索甲烷动态的生态和气象驱动因素。这项研究将为湿地环境中甲烷产生的碳源的季节变化提供宝贵的数据。这项工作还将在加利福尼亚州萨克拉门托-圣华金三角洲湿地恢复的更广泛背景下进行，那里150年的土地排水导致了极端的地面沉降、非常大的温室气体排放以及一系列其他水文和生态问题。将邀请公共和私营机构将这一项目的科学成果转化为信息，供公共利益攸关方和关心三角洲未来的机构使用。合作的一个具体成果将是协助制定湿地恢复议定书，以量化和尽量减少三角洲生态系统的甲烷排放。