Collaborative Research: Feammox - A new pathway for nitrogen loss from terrestrial ecosystems

合作研究：Feammox - 陆地生态系统氮流失的新途径

• 批准号: 0842385
• 负责人: Whendee Silver
• 金额: $ 74.2万
• 依托单位: University of California-Berkeley
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-05-01 至 2014-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0842385&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Feammox; new; pathway

Nitrogen is a key nutrient to microbes, plants and animals, and considerable research has been directed at understanding the controls on it's retention and loss in terrestrial ecosystems. Despite this effort, much uncertainty remains, especially with regard to gaseous nitrogen losses. This is particularly troubling in the context of human modification of the nitrogen cycle, which is dramatically increasing nitrogen pollution, runoff, and the emission of nitrous oxide, a radiatively important greenhouse gas. This research will contribute to our understanding of the terrestrial nitrogen cycle by quantifying the role of "Feammox", a newly discovered pathway in the global nitrogen cycle. Feammox is the anaerobic oxidation of ammonium coupled to ferric iron [Fe (III)] reduction. It has the potential to produce inert dinitrogen gas as well as reactive nitrite, which could subsequently be reduced to gaseous or organic nitrogen, or ammonium under anaerobic conditions. Given the potential gaseous loss of nitrogen from terrestrial environments, this pathway may play a significant role in the global nitrogen cycle. The proposed research will place this newly discovered nitrogen transformation pathway in the context of the larger nitrogen cycle by (i) determining if Feammox is mediated by soil microbes, and if so identify the responsible organisms, (ii) determining the relative importance of iron- and nitrogen-containing compounds as controls on Feammox, and (iii) quantifying the role of Feammox in total nitrogen gas emissions from soils. The collaborative research between a soil biogeochemistry laboratory at the University of California at Berkeley and a microbial biogeochemistry laboratory at the University of Nebraska, Lincoln will improve the mechanistic understanding of terrestrial nitrogen cycling. Field work will take place at the Luquillo Long Term Ecological Research site in Puerto Rico. The research addresses a previously unquantified pathway in terrestrial ecosystems that not only has implications for nutrient retention in soils, but could also evolve nitrous oxide, a greenhouse gas implicated in global change. This project will support for an early career female scientist, two graduate students, one undergraduate student, and one postdoctoral researcher. In concert with sample collection in Puerto Rico workshops and training activities will be held for Puerto Rican high school students. Science cafes in Puerto Rico and California will provide an ecology and global change educational outreach component to the public at large.

氮是微生物，动植物的关键营养素，已经大量研究旨在了解其对其在陆地生态系统中的保留和损失的控制。尽管努力，仍然存在许多不确定性，尤其是关于气态氮损失。在人类修饰氮循环的背景下，这尤其令人不安，氮循环正在大大增加氮污染，径流和一氧化二氮的排放，这是一种辐射重要的温室气体。这项研究将通过量化“ Feammox”的作用，这是我们对陆氮的作用，这是我们对陆氮的作用，这是我们对全球氮循环中新发现的途径的作用。 Feammox是与铁[Fe（III）]还原的铵的厌氧氧化。它具有产生惰性二氮气体以及反应性亚硝酸盐的潜力，后来可以将其减少为气态或有机氮，或者在厌氧条件下铵。鉴于从陆地环境中氮的潜在气态损失，该途径可能在整体氮循环中起重要作用。拟议的研究将通过（i）确定是否通过土壤微生物介导这种新发现的氮转化途径在较大的氮周期的背景下，如果是这样，则确定负责任的生物体，（ii）确定铁和氮气接合的相对重要性，因为源自feammox和III III的量子源是对feammox和III的控制的相对重要性，该作用是（IIII）的作用（III III），并确定feammox和III的作用。土壤。 加利福尼亚大学伯克利分校的土壤生物地球化学实验室与林肯内布拉斯加州大学的微生物生物地球化学实验室之间的合作研究将提高对陆生氮循环的机械理解。现场工作将在波多黎各的Luquillo长期生态研究站点进行。 该研究探讨了陆地生态系统中先前未经量化的途径，不仅对土壤中的养分保留有影响，而且还可以进化一氧化二氮，这是一种与全球变化有关的温室气体。 该项目将支持早期职业女科学家，两名研究生，一名本科生和一名博士后研究员。 在波多黎各讲习班中的样本收集和培训活动中，将为波多黎各高中生举行。波多黎各和加利福尼亚州的科学咖啡馆将为整个公众提供生态和全球变化教育外展部分。