Cellular logistics and functional genomics of mitochondrial inheritance in yeast

酵母线粒体遗传的细胞物流和功能基因组学

• 批准号: 215241531
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Benedikt Westermann
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Arbeitsgruppe für Zellbiologie und Elektronenmikroskopie
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2011-12-31 至 2020-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/215241531?language=en
• 关键词: Cellular; logistics; functional; genomics; mitochondrial

Mitochondria are essential organelles of eukaryotic cells. Their inheritance upon cell division depends on a complex machinery that ensures that both daughter cells reliably receive mitochondria. Budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae is an excellent model organism to study mitochondrial inheritance in asymmetrically dividing cells. Mitochondria are transported by myosin motor proteins into the growing bud. At the same time, retention mechanisms in the mother cell ensure that a portion of the mitochondrial network is retained. During the process of aging intact mitochondria are preferentially transported into the bud, whereas old and damaged mitochondria accumulate in the mother cell until it dies. Major aims of the proposed project are the identification of proteins that mediate transport and partitioning of mitochondria in yeast cells and the investigation of the processes that determine asymmetric inheritance of damaged mitochondria. Our previous results demonstrate that myosin motor proteins and mitochondria-plasma membrane anchors play important roles in mitochondrial partitioning, and that septins at the mother-bud neck presumably are important for asymmetric partitioning of damaged mitochondria. With the continuation of the project we would like to identify additional factors required for these processes, such as mitochondrial receptors for myosin motor proteins. Furthermore, we would like to investigate the processes that determine the asymmetric partitioning of young and aged mitochondria, such as septins at the mother-bud neck. We expect that the results obtained in this project will contribute to the understanding of asymmetric inheritance of mitochondria also in higher eukaryotic cells, such as cell division and differentiation of mammalian stem cells.

线粒体是真核细胞的重要细胞器。它们在细胞分裂时的遗传依赖于一种复杂的机制，该机制确保两个子细胞可靠地接收线粒体。芽殖酵母是研究不对称分裂细胞线粒体遗传的理想模式生物。线粒体由肌球蛋白马达蛋白运输到生长的芽中。同时，母细胞中的保留机制确保线粒体网络的一部分被保留。在老化过程中，完整的线粒体优先被运输到芽中，而旧的和受损的线粒体在母细胞中积累，直到它死亡。拟议项目的主要目标是鉴定介导酵母细胞中线粒体运输和分配的蛋白质，并调查确定受损线粒体不对称遗传的过程。我们以前的研究结果表明，肌球蛋白马达蛋白和质膜锚在线粒体分区中发挥重要作用，并在母芽颈septins大概是重要的受损线粒体的不对称分区。随着项目的继续，我们希望确定这些过程所需的其他因素，如肌球蛋白马达蛋白的线粒体受体。此外，我们想调查的过程，确定年轻和老年线粒体的不对称分配，如在母芽颈septins。我们期望本项目所获得的结果将有助于理解高等真核细胞中线粒体的不对称遗传，如哺乳动物干细胞的细胞分裂和分化。