Impacts of Landscape Structure, Host Demography, and Management Interventions on Disease Dynamics

景观结构、宿主人口统计和管理干预措施对疾病动态的影响

• 批准号: 1413925
• 负责人: Sue VandeWoude
• 金额: $ 174.24万
• 依托单位: Colorado State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-06-15 至 2021-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1413925&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Impacts; Landscape; Structure; Host; Demography

This project will investigate how environmental factors and wildlife management programs affect infectious disease spread in species that move large distances. The researchers will evaluate populations of pumas in the Florida Everglades, Colorado?s Front Range and Western Slope, and Southern California. The results will be applicable to other wide-ranging species, such as large herbivores, other carnivores, and even humans. Working with partners in state and Federal agencies, the investigators will determine how the spread of disease is affected by management actions such as hunting and relocation of animals; how future disease outbreaks might spread through vulnerable populations; and how they might be controlled via vaccination, development of quarantine buffer zones, or other means. The project also includes outreach efforts to educate the public about conservation issues, and engage students in relevant studies in disease ecology. This project will involve students from groups that are underrepresented in the sciences. The study will evaluate how the interaction between landscape structure and management interventions affect disease spread in populations of wide-ranging apex predators (Puma concolor). Using an exceptional database and corresponding set of biological samples, and an experienced collaborative team, the research will trace the spread of two apathogenic (i.e. non-pathogenic), contact-dependent retroviral agents in geographically distinct puma populations under three different management regimes: (a) supplementation and recovery of the highly endangered Florida panther, (b) large-scale manipulative harvest experiments of a rural Colorado puma population, and (c) steady-state management of urban puma populations in the Colorado Front Range and Southern California. A landscape genomics approach will inform advanced network models to determine the relative importance of landscape structure and management actions on host connectivity, demography, and, ultimately, disease dynamics. These apathogenic transmission models will be tested with empirical data from a recent virulent outbreak of Feline Leukemia Virus (FeLV) in Florida Panthers. The model will be used to predict disease spread of virulent agents using models based on apathogenic agents, and to inform management programs to control disease outbreaks. This integrated approach provides a basis for utilizing complex molecular and geospatial tools to advance models to predict and mitigate virulent disease outbreaks for wide-ranging species in complex landscapes.

该项目将调查环境因素和野生动物管理计划如何影响传染病在远距离移动的物种中的传播。研究人员将评估美洲狮在佛罗里达大沼泽地，科罗拉多？美国的前山脉和西部斜坡，以及南加州。研究结果将适用于其他广泛的物种，如大型食草动物，其他食肉动物，甚至人类。与州和联邦机构的合作伙伴合作，调查人员将确定疾病的传播如何受到狩猎和动物搬迁等管理行动的影响;未来疾病爆发如何通过脆弱人群传播;以及如何通过疫苗接种，隔离缓冲区的发展或其他手段来控制。该项目还包括外展工作，教育公众有关保护问题，并让学生参与疾病生态学的相关研究。该项目将涉及来自科学领域代表性不足的群体的学生。该研究将评估景观结构和管理干预措施之间的相互作用如何影响疾病在广泛的顶端捕食者（美洲狮concolor）的种群传播。利用一个特殊的数据库和相应的一组生物样本，以及一个经验丰富的合作团队，该研究将追踪两种致病性（即非致病性），接触依赖性逆转录病毒剂在不同地理位置的美洲狮种群在三个不同的管理制度：（a）高度濒危的佛罗里达豹的补充和恢复，（B）科罗拉多农村美洲狮种群的大规模操纵收获实验，以及（c）科罗拉多前线山脉和南加州城市美洲狮种群的稳态管理。景观基因组学的方法将通知先进的网络模型，以确定相对重要性的景观结构和管理行动的主机连接，人口，并最终，疾病的动态。这些无致病性的传播模型将进行测试，从最近的猫白血病病毒（FeLV）在佛罗里达黑豹爆发的毒力的经验数据。该模型将用于预测疾病传播的有毒物质使用模型的基础上，非病原体，并通知管理计划，以控制疾病的爆发。这种综合方法提供了一个基础，利用复杂的分子和地理空间工具，以先进的模型，以预测和减轻剧毒疾病的爆发，为广泛的物种在复杂的景观。