EAPSI: Improving Drinking Water Filtration Systems Containing a Superfine Carbon

EAPSI：改善含有超细碳的饮用水过滤系统

• 批准号: 1414920
• 负责人: Erin Partlan
• 金额: $ 0.51万
• 依托单位: Partlan Erin
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Fellowship Award
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-06-01 至 2015-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1414920&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: EAPSI; Improving; Drinking; Water; Filtration

Activated carbon is used in many drinking water treatment plants and home water filters for the removal of unwanted dissolved compounds. Superfine powdered activated carbon (S-PAC) is a new material that has a much smaller particle size than traditional activated carbon. Due of its small size, S-PAC can remove contaminants faster and with less mass, but since S-PAC particles are very small they must be removed by membrane filtration before treated water is distributed. This filtration is not easy because S-PAC can block the membrane pores, negatively affecting the filter performance. One way around this might be to create larger particles through aggregation of S-PAC before it reaches the membranes. This study will evaluate various S-PAC aggregation techniques within a ceramic membrane filtration module for enhancing filter performance. This research will be carried out in collaboration with Dr. Matsui, an expert in combining S-PAC with ceramic membranes for contaminant removal, at Hokkaido University in Japan.In previous work, S-PAC particles caused marked membrane pore blocking on 0.1 µm polymer-based membranes in dead-end filtration. Aggregation with chemical coagulation was shown to be successful at reducing the problem. This research will evaluate whether the results are similar with ceramic membranes instead of polymer ones. A ceramic membrane module will be operated with aggregated and disaggregated S-PAC to test the filter performance and compare with previous results. Additionally, the effects of natural organic matter (NOM) will be evaluated. Results of this study will contribute towards the understanding of S-PAC behavior and potential future applications for removal of trace contaminants in drinking water treatment. This NSF EAPSI award is funded in collaboration with the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science.

在许多饮用水处理厂和家用滤水器中使用活性碳来去除不需要的溶解化合物。超细粉末活性碳(S-PAC)是一种比传统活性炭粒度小得多的新型材料。S-PAC由于体积小，除污快，质量小，但由于S-PAC颗粒很小，必须经过膜过滤才能将处理后的水分配出去。这种过滤并不容易，因为S-PAC会堵塞膜孔，对过滤器的性能产生负面影响。解决这一问题的一种方法可能是在S-PAC到达膜之前通过聚集产生更大的颗粒。本研究将评估各种S-PAC在陶瓷膜过滤组件中的聚合技术，以提高过滤器的性能。这项研究将与日本北海道大学的松井博士合作进行，他是将S-PAC与陶瓷膜相结合去除污染物的专家。在以前的工作中，S-PAC颗粒在0.1um聚合物基膜的死端过滤中导致显著的膜孔堵塞。用化学凝聚的方法成功地减少了这个问题。这项研究将评估陶瓷膜而不是聚合物膜的结果是否相似。将聚合和分解的S-PAC用于陶瓷膜组件的过滤性能测试，并与以往的结果进行了比较。此外，还将评估天然有机物(NOM)的影响。本研究的结果将有助于理解S-PAC的行为和未来在饮用水处理中去除痕量污染物的潜在应用。该NSF EAPSI奖是与日本科学促进会合作资助的。