SuperCDMS SNOLAB

多次天文观测已经证实，宇宙中大约85%的物质不是由已知粒子构成的。破译这种所谓的暗物质的本质对宇宙学、天体物理学和高能粒子物理学至关重要。一个主要的假设是，它是由大爆炸后瞬间产生的弱相互作用大质量粒子（wimp）组成的。如果wimp是暗物质，那么它们在我们星系中的存在可以通过位于地下深处的探测器的原子核散射来检测，以帮助排除宇宙射线造成的背景。低温暗物质搜索（CDMS）合作率先使用低温声子介导的探测器来探测核上罕见的wimp散射，并将它们与背景区分开来。这项工作将产生广泛的影响，超出了暗物质搜索的范围。该技术的发展将进一步推动声子介导探测器的发展，声子介导探测器已经在科学和技术上找到了许多应用。该合同将为下一代（G2）实验SuperCDMS SNOLAB的设计和制造提供支持，该实验将在世界上最深的大型清洁地下实验室中运行。与其他技术相比，SuperCDMS技术具有高本底抑制和污染控制的显著优势。这项新实验的基线设计将部署一个50公斤的锗（Ge）和硅（Si）探测器的初始有效载荷。其中一些探测器的运行方式将提供非常低的能量阈值，从而在一次实验中对最低暗物质粒子质量（0.5 GeV）和多目标互补性具有世界领先的灵敏度。它将为发现粒子暗物质和其特性的详细信息提供很大的可能性。该奖项还将有助于培养本科生、研究生和博士后研究人员，使用最前沿的测量技术。SuperCDMS的科学家们将继续参与公共宣传，与K-12教师合作，并为伯克利物理专业的学生提供支持，这些学生正在接受科学教学培训，并为来自缺乏教育背景的有前途的高中生提供支持。

Multiple astronomical observations have established that about 85% of the matter in the universe is not made of known particles. Deciphering the nature of this so-called Dark Matter is of fundamental importance to cosmology, astrophysics, and high-energy particle physics. A leading hypothesis is that it is comprised of Weakly Interacting Massive Particles, or WIMPs, that were produced moments after the Big Bang. If WIMPs are the dark matter, then their presence in our galaxy may be detectable via scattering from atomic nuclei in detectors located deep underground to help reject backgrounds due to cosmic rays.The Cryogenic Dark Matter Search (CDMS) Collaboration has pioneered the use of low temperature phonon-mediated detectors to detect the rare scattering of WIMPs on nuclei and distinguish them from backgrounds. This work will have a broad impact which extends beyond a dark matter search. The technical developments will further advance phonon-mediated detectors, which have already found many applications in science and technology.This award will provide support for the design and fabrication of a next-generation (G2) experiment, SuperCDMS SNOLAB, which will operate at the deepest large clean underground laboratory in the world. The high background rejection and control of contamination that the SuperCDMS technology offers provide significant advantages compared to other technologies. The baseline design for this new experiment will deploy an initial 50 kg payload of germanium (Ge) and silicon (Si) detectors. Some of these detectors will be operated in a manner that provides very low energy thresholds and thus world-leading sensitivity to the lowest dark matter particle masses ( 0.5 GeV) and multiple-target complementarity in a single experiment. It will provide a strong possibility of the discovery of particle dark matter and detailed information on its properties.This award will also contribute to the training of undergraduate and graduate students and postdoctoral researchers, using techniques at the leading edge of measurement technologies. SuperCDMS scientists will continue their involvement in public outreach, collaboration with K-12 teachers, and support for Berkeley physics majors who are training to teach science and for promising high school students from underserved backgrounds.