Doctoral Dissertation Improvement Grant: A research study of local economies and decision making in Kamchatka, Russia.

博士论文改进补助金：对俄罗斯堪察加半岛当地经济和决策的研究。

• 批准号: 1417707
• 负责人: David Koester
• 金额: $ 3万
• 依托单位: University of Alaska Fairbanks Campus
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-07-01 至 2018-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1417707&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Doctoral; Dissertation; Improvement; Grant; research

This award supports a doctoral dissertation research project that investigates the social and cultural effects of Post Soviet economic policies on indigenous communities in Kamchatka Russia. By comparing traditional modes of transportation (the dog sled) with the Soviet subsidized mode of transportation (the snow machine) the researcher will examine how policies made in Moscow and enforced in Kamchatka had an effect on contemporary local decision-making and the economies of indigenous communities. The project has the potential to increase our understanding of how 20th Century federal economic and social policies affect the trajectory of 21st Century local decision-making in a rapidly changing and globalizing economy. In addition, this project will contribute to the training of the next generation of social scientists. The research will compare the social, cultural, economic, and environmental implications of the choice between 'dogs vs. snow-machines' in subsistence and travel strategies by indigenous people. Combining local histories with larger global impacts to identify the meaning and decision making processes that led to a decline in the use of sled dogs as a mode of transportation concurrent with the rise in snow machine use in rural communities and to their return as fossil fuel costs rise. This project focuses on the socio-cultural and environmental implications of the choice between 'dogs vs. snow-machines' in subsistence and travel strategies in Kamchatka. The layers of social significance attached to these decisions is further emphasized by the fact that salmon is the "fuel" that powers both of those technologies. Salmon has two profoundly different uses in this regard: one as the protein/energy source ingested by dogs and the other as a commodity, where salmon roe is used to pay for fuel (often wasting the flesh). This project will increase knowledge in the field of anthropology on northern communities and the political economy of Post-Soviet era globalization. In addition, it will create a culture history of dog sledding in the north.

该奖项支持博士论文研究项目，调查后苏联经济政策对俄罗斯堪察加半岛土著社区的社会和文化影响。 通过比较传统的交通方式（狗拉雪橇）与苏联补贴的交通方式（造雪机），研究人员将研究在莫斯科制定并在堪察加实施的政策如何对当代当地决策和土著社区的经济产生影响。 该项目有可能增加我们对20世纪世纪联邦经济和社会政策如何影响21世纪世纪快速变化和全球化经济中地方决策轨迹的理解。 此外，该项目将有助于培养下一代社会科学家。 这项研究将比较原住民在生存和旅行策略中选择“狗与雪机”的社会，文化，经济和环境影响。 将当地历史与更大的全球影响相结合，以确定导致雪橇犬作为一种交通方式的使用减少的意义和决策过程，同时在农村社区使用雪机，并随着化石燃料成本的上升而回归。 该项目的重点是在堪察加半岛的生存和旅行策略中选择“狗与雪机”的社会文化和环境影响。鲑鱼是这两种技术的“燃料”，这一事实进一步强调了这些决定所具有的社会意义。 鲑鱼在这方面有两种截然不同的用途：一种是作为狗摄入的蛋白质/能量来源，另一种是作为商品，鲑鱼卵被用来支付燃料（通常浪费肉）。 该项目将增加人类学领域关于北方社区和后苏联时代全球化政治经济的知识。 此外，还将打造北方狗拉雪橇文化史。