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Shallow structures of the marine Campi Flegrei Caldera and the volcanoclastic and sedimentary deposits in the Bay of Naples

海洋 Campi Flegrei 火山口的浅层结构以及那不勒斯湾的火山碎屑和沉积物沉积物

基本信息

批准号：
216244414
负责人：
Professor Dr. Volkhard Spieß
金额：
--
依托单位：
Fachgebiet Meerestechnik - Umweltforschung
依托单位国家：
德国
项目类别：
Infrastructure Priority Programmes
财政年份：
2012
资助国家：
德国
起止时间：
2011-12-31 至 2016-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/216244414?language=en
关键词：
Shallow structures marine Campi Flegrei

项目摘要

The Campi Flegrei Volcanic District belongs to the world's most active volcanic systems. The most pronounced volcanic feature in that area is the half-submerged, quasi-circular Campi Flegrei caldera, which formed in the course of a major volcanic eruption (the so-called Neapolitan Yellow Tuff (NYT) eruption) and subsequent collapse that occurred 15000 years B.P. As consequence of the eruption, thick ignimbrites were emplaced, covering an area >1000 km². The last volcanic eruption occurred in 1538 AD at the Monte Nuovo after 3500 years of quiescence. In the last decades, the Campi Flegrei caldera has been characterized by short-term episodes of unrest involving considerable ground deformation (uplift and subsidence of several meters), seismicity and increased temperature at fumaroles. Furthermore, long-term deformation (<8 ka) can be observed in the central part of the caldera with uplift rates of several tens of meters within a few thousand years. Both long-term and short term uplift could be interpreted as eruption precursor, thereby posing high-concern for a future eruption, which would expose more than 1.5 million people living in the surroundings of the volcanic district to extreme volcanic risks.In order to improve the understanding of such unrest mechanisms and to correctly assess eruption hazards, the Campi Flegrei Volcanic District became subject to a joint amphibic approach for scientific drilling in the ICDP and IODP programmes. During a partially DFG funded, German-Italian research cruise in 2008, high-resolution multi-channel seismic data were acquired in order to support the onshore and offshore drilling programmes. The seismic data provide an insight into the evolution of the Campi Flegrei caldera since the NYT eruption and have been interpreted within the framework of an ongoing project in the DFG¿s ICDP Priority Programme. Despite outstanding data quality of the uppermost 300 m below the seafloor, the signal penetration is not sufficient to achieve the required depths (>1000 m) of the ICDP/IODP drilling campaigns.In the context of the present proposal another seismic survey is planned for 2015, during which a low-frequency seismic system shall be deployed in order to achieve signal penetration down to the target depth of the proposed ICDP/IODP drill sites. This to-be acquired seismic dataset may serve as a basis for the correlation of the recently completed onland ICDP drilling and proposed IODP drill sites in the Gulf of Pozzuoli and Naples Bay in order to develop a large scale picture of the study area. Eventually, the data shall be used to prepare an updated marine drilling campaign. Furthermore, the to-be acquired deep-penetrating seismic data would form an optimal complement to the already existing high-resolution seismic data. A joint interpretation of both datasets would provide not yet existing insights into the development of the Campi Flegrei caldera, including the time span before the Neapolitan Yellow Tuff eruption.

Campi Flegrei火山区属于世界上最活跃的火山系统。该地区最明显的火山特征是半淹没的，准圆形的Campi Flegrei破火山口，它形成于一次主要的火山爆发（即所谓的那不勒斯黄色凝灰岩（NYT）爆发）和随后发生的15000年B.P.的崩溃过程中。最后一次火山爆发发生在公元1538年的Monte Nuovo，经过3500年的平静。在过去的几十年里，Campi Flegrei破火山口的特点是短期的动荡，涉及相当大的地面变形（隆起和下沉数米），地震活动和温度升高的火山口。此外，在破火山口的中心部分可以观察到长期变形（<8ka），几千年内的抬升速率为几十米。长期和短期的隆起都可以被解释为火山爆发的前兆，因此对未来的火山爆发表示高度关切，因为未来的火山爆发将使生活在火山区周围的150多万人面临极端的火山风险，为了更好地了解这种动荡机制，正确评估火山爆发的危险，Campi Flegrei火山区在ICDP和IODP方案中成为科学钻探联合两栖方法的对象。2008年，在DFG部分资助的德国-意大利研究航行期间，获得了高分辨率多通道地震数据，以支持陆上和海上钻井方案。地震数据提供了对Campi Flegrei破火山口自NYT喷发以来演变的深入了解，并在DFG ICDP优先项目的一个正在进行的项目框架内进行了解释。尽管海底最深300米的数据质量非常出色，但信号穿透不足以达到ICDP/IODP钻探活动所需的深度（> 1 000米）。在此期间，应部署低频地震系统，以实现信号穿透至提议的ICDP/IODP钻探场地的目标深度。该待采集的地震数据集可作为最近完成的陆上ICDP钻井与波佐利湾和那不勒斯湾拟议IODP钻井地点之间的相关性的基础，以便绘制研究区域的大尺度图像。最终，这些数据将用于准备更新的海洋钻井活动。此外，即将获得的深穿透地震数据将是对现有高分辨率地震数据的最佳补充。这两个数据集的联合解释将提供尚未存在的见解Campi Flegrei破火山口的发展，包括那不勒斯黄色凝灰岩喷发前的时间跨度。