Collaborative Research: Using the Rurutu hotspot to evaluate mantle motion and absolute plate motion models

合作研究：利用鲁鲁图热点评估地幔运动和绝对板块运动模型

• 批准号: 1433097
• 负责人: Jasper Konter
• 金额: $ 13.77万
• 依托单位: University of Hawaii
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-01-06 至 2016-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1433097&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Using; Rurutu; hotspot

Linear tracks of submarine volcanoes (i.e., the Hawaiian-Emperor and Louisville volcanic chains) define the trace of the two longest-lived Pacific hotspots. These two hotspot tracks have long been used to model tectonic plate motion and define how the continents have moved over the face of the globe over time. It has generally been believed that hotspots, which originate deep in the mantle, are fixed and that, as the plate moves over it, the hot spot punches through the crust resulting in a linear chain of volcanoes that can be used to show the speed and direction of plate motion over 10's of millions of years. Mounting evidence now, however, indicates that hotspots may not actually be fixed with respect to the mantle or each other. To test the hypothesis of a moving hotspot reference frame, this research will define a third, long-lived, Pacific hotspot track, the Rurutu hotspot, and compare it with the Hawaiian-Emperor and Louisville chains. Twenty submarine volcanoes near the Samoa Islands in the western Pacific Ocean will be sampled and geochemical analyses of the lavas will be collected. Argon, produced from radioactive decay, will be used to determine the ages of the volcanoes. The chemisty of the lavas, especially the elemental abundances and the Sr, Ne, Pb, and Hf isotopes signatures, will be used to (1) distinguish Rurutu volcanoes from unrelated ones and (2) determine the geochemical fingerprint and evolution of the hotspot. Samples dredged from the seafloor will be described and analyzed on the ship by Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy. Mapping and marine geophysical data will be collected and used to guide potential dredging targets. Broader impacts include a strong and large student training component in which three graduate students and 10 undergraduates will go to sea and be intimately involved in the project. This will help build a more diverse scientific workforce by recruiting students from a Hispanic Serving Institution in Texas and training them in state-of-the-art geochemical analysis and data interpretation. This research will foster inter-institutional collaboration between three institutions and will support two early career investigators.

海底火山（即夏威夷皇帝和路易斯维尔火山连锁店）的线性轨道定义了两个最长的太平洋热点的痕迹。 这两个热点轨道长期以来一直被用来建模构造构造板运动，并定义了大陆如何随着时间的流逝在地球范围内移动。 通常人们认为，起源于地幔深处的热点是固定的，并且随着盘子的移动，热点在外壳上撞击，导致线性火山链，可用于显示超过10万年的板运动的速度和方向。 但是，现在越来越多的证据表明，与地幔或彼此相对于地幔实际上可能无法固定热点。 为了测试移动热点参考框架的假设，这项研究将定义第三个，长期的太平洋热点轨道，鲁鲁图热点，并将其与夏威夷人和路易斯维尔连锁店进行比较。 将采样西太平洋萨摩亚群岛附近的二十个海底火山，并将收集对熔岩的地球化学分析。由放射性衰减产生的氩气将用于确定火山的年龄。 熔岩的化学物质，尤其是元素丰度以及SR，NE，PB和HF同位素特征，将使用（1）将Rurutu火山与无关的火山区分开，并且（2）确定热点的地球化学指纹和热点的进化。 从海底挖出来的样品将通过激光诱导的分解光谱在船上进行描述和分析。 将收集映射和海洋地球物理数据，并用于指导潜在的疏and目标。更广泛的影响包括一个强大而大型的学生培训部分，其中三名研究生和10名本科生将上海并密切参与该项目。这将有助于通过从德克萨斯州的西班牙裔服务机构招募学生，并在最新的地球化学分析和数据解释中培训他们，从而有助于建立更多样化的科学劳动力。 这项研究将促进三个机构之间的机构间合作，并将支持两名早期职业调查员。