Doctoral Dissertation Improvement Grant: Reindeer and Dogs in Modern Tozhu Mixed Economy in the Republic of Tyva (Russia)

博士论文改进补助金：图瓦共和国现代托珠混合经济中的驯鹿和狗（俄罗斯）

• 批准号: 1433651
• 负责人: Patrick Plattet
• 金额: $ 3万
• 依托单位: University of Alaska Fairbanks Campus
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-12-15 至 2015-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1433651&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Doctoral; Dissertation; Improvement; Grant; Reindeer

This award supports ethnographic research in the Republic of Tyva (southern Siberia, Russian Federation). It examines the complex economic and social relationships that have evolved between indigenous hunters and herders and their working reindeer, dogs, and horses. The award will allow to study how centralized economic planning affected the relationships between Tozhu reindeer herders and hunters of Siberia and how, when these restrictions were removed, the Tozhu successfully re-adapted to their ancestral way of life. The researcher accurately argues that understanding these relationships are key to a wider understanding of indigenous economies' resilience to change and the long-term sustainability of indigenous livelihoods globally.The Tozhu traditionally relied on reindeer, dogs, and horses for food, transportation, and hunting. However, during the Soviet era large-scale reindeer herding was promoted by the government, which also instituted a policy of killing dogs, which ultimately caused the disappearance of indigenous breeds. In the post-Soviet system, dogs have once again become an integral part of hunting and herding among the Tozhu and this research aims to understand the complex role human-animal relationships play in the foundation of the Tozhu reindeer herding communities in the 21st century. Very little research has been done on this topic and none in this region of Siberia.

该奖项支持蒂瓦共和国（俄罗斯联邦西伯利亚南部）的人种学研究。它研究了土著猎人和牧民与他们的驯鹿、狗和马之间演变的复杂经济和社会关系。该奖项将有助于研究中央经济计划如何影响西伯利亚托珠族驯鹿牧民和猎人之间的关系，以及当这些限制被取消时，托珠族如何成功地重新适应其祖先的生活方式。研究人员准确地指出，理解这些关系是更广泛地理解土著经济对变化的适应能力和全球土著生计长期可持续性的关键。Tozhu传统上依靠驯鹿，狗和马来获得食物，运输和狩猎。然而，在苏联时期，政府提倡大规模驯鹿放牧，同时还制定了捕杀狗的政策，最终导致土著品种的消失。在后苏联制度中，狗再次成为Tozhu人狩猎和放牧的一个组成部分，本研究旨在了解世纪人畜关系在建立Tozhu驯鹿放牧社区中发挥的复杂作用。关于这个问题的研究很少，在西伯利亚这个地区也没有。