Collaborative Research: RAPID - Effects of an Extreme Disturbance Event on Genomic Variation and Community Organization of Stream Insects

合作研究：RAPID - 极端干扰事件对溪流昆虫基因组变异和群落组织的影响

• 批准号: 1434987
• 负责人: Alexander Flecker
• 金额: $ 3.46万
• 依托单位: Cornell University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-05-01 至 2015-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1434987&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; RAPID; Effects; Extreme

This project will test hypotheses related to the response of stream organisms (insects) to the extreme, rare flood disturbance of September 2013 in Colorado's Front Range. Genetic and species composition data were collected from these streams prior to the disturbance as part of a previously funded NSF research project. These pre-event data allow the testing of specific evolutionary and ecological hypotheses about how extreme and non-seasonal disturbance acts to selectively remove maladapted genotypes, to modify genetic variation and gene frequencies, and to re-shape biological organization of insect communities through differential species survival and associated transformation of stream food webs. Fourteen headwater streams that span an elevation gradient of over 2,000 meters and that experienced different degrees of flood disturbance will be re-sampled in late Spring 2014. The extreme flooding in Colorado received national media attention and continues to be a topic of scientific and public discussion, so this study will likely be of broad scientific and public interest. The research represents an unprecedented opportunity to discover broad, new insights into the integrated genetic and ecological response of aquatic insects to discrete, extreme disturbance. Findings from this project will be disseminated not only through professional meetings and journals, but also via the popular press and online venues, in order to help advance public understanding the vulnerability and risks of natural systems to unusually large disturbances of the kind predicted to become increasingly more common under rapid climate change.

这个项目将测试与河流生物(昆虫)对2013年9月科罗拉多州前线地区罕见的极端洪水扰动的反应有关的假设。遗传和物种组成数据是在骚乱之前从这些溪流中收集的，作为之前资助的NSF研究项目的一部分。这些事件前的数据允许测试特定的进化和生态学假设，即极端和非季节性干扰如何作用于选择性地移除不适应的基因类型，改变遗传变异和基因频率，并通过不同物种的生存和溪流食物网的相关转化来重塑昆虫群落的生物组织。2014年春末，将对14条海拔坡度超过2000米、遭受不同程度洪水干扰的源头溪流进行重新采样。科罗拉多州的极端洪水引起了全国媒体的关注，并继续成为科学和公众讨论的话题，因此这项研究可能会具有广泛的科学和公众兴趣。这项研究代表着一个前所未有的机会，可以发现对水生昆虫对离散的极端干扰的综合遗传和生态反应的广泛、新的见解。该项目的成果不仅将通过专业会议和期刊传播，而且还将通过大众媒体和在线场所传播，以帮助公众了解自然系统在快速气候变化下预计将变得越来越常见的异常大干扰下的脆弱性和风险。