POLARBEAR/Simons Array: High-fidelity maps of CMB polarization to study large-scale structure, measure neutrino masses, and search for the signature of inflation

POLARBEAR/Simons 阵列：高保真 CMB 偏振图，用于研究大尺度结构、测量中微子质量并寻找暴胀特征

• 批准号: 1440338
• 负责人: Adrian Lee
• 金额: $ 499.92万
• 依托单位: University of California-Berkeley
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-06-01 至 2022-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1440338&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: POLARBEAR; Simons; Array; fidelity; maps

The POLARBEAR experiment measures polarized fluctuations in the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) to search for the signature of gravitational waves from inflation, potentially opening a window on the universe a fraction of a second after the Big Bang. This is a major quest of current physics and astronomy and has broad implications for our understanding of the origin and history of the universe. AST has previously funded the construction, commissioning, and initial operations of the first POLARBEAR 3.5m-diameter telescope at the Atacama desert site near ALMA in Chile. The current award will support commissioning and operations of a second telesope under partnership with the Simons foundation and other collaborating institutions in the US, Japan, Canada, and the UK. The award will support advanced traning for students in instrumentation and facility development. Other broader impacts include educational programs for K-12 students and the general public.Science goals in addition to B-mode gravitational waves include a search for massive neutrinos, a map of large scale structure in the universe via gravitational lensing, and constraints on the primordial helium abundance and the effective number of relativistic species.

POLARBEAR实验测量宇宙微波背景（CMB）的极化波动，以寻找来自膨胀的引力波的特征，可能为大爆炸后的宇宙打开一扇窗。这是当前物理学和天文学的主要探索，对我们理解宇宙的起源和历史有着广泛的影响。AST之前资助了第一个直径3.5米的POLARBEAR望远镜的建造、调试和初始操作，该望远镜位于智利ALMA附近的阿塔卡马沙漠。目前的拨款将支持与西蒙斯基金会以及美国、日本、加拿大和英国的其他合作机构合作的第二台望远镜的调试和运行。该奖项将支持学生在仪器和设备开发方面的高级培训。其他更广泛的影响包括K-12学生和公众的教育项目。除了b模引力波之外，科学目标还包括寻找大质量中微子，通过引力透镜绘制宇宙大尺度结构图，以及限制原始氦丰度和相对论性物质的有效数量。