Millimeter-wavelength transients and sources with the Atacama Cosmology Telescope and the Simons Observatory

对宇宙微波背景辐射的精确测量寻求更清晰的大爆炸物理图景。获取这类数据的望远镜也捕捉到了发射出相同波长的恒星和星系的光线。该项目将构建利用这些度量的软件管道。每天，这些望远镜扫描天空并生成更新的图像，以便识别可变的来源。在这十年中，升级后的望远镜将产生更多、更好的此类数据。这样的时间分辨数据将使新的未知现象得以发现。这可能包括异常超新星、伽马射线爆发、超大质量黑洞周围恒星的潮汐分裂、恒星耀斑和太阳系中更多天体的发现，包括一颗假想的和未被发现的行星9。这个项目的兴奋将通过各种扩展项目向公众传达，其中一个项目针对生活在塔拉哈西附近农村地区的人们。对宽视场毫米波测量的新的时间域研究正在开辟一个广阔的、尚未探索的发现空间。在这个项目中，将使用先进的阿塔卡马宇宙学望远镜和西蒙斯天文台的数据来识别毫米波瞬变和点状来源，先进的阿塔卡马宇宙学望远镜目前正在测量超过18,000平方度的区域，西蒙斯天文台将在2020年代中期对类似区域进行更灵敏的测量。将开发软件工具和管道，以(1)开发和实施基于实时瞬变警报的西蒙斯天文台每日数据挖掘系统；(2)对档案和现场数据中的毫米波瞬变进行触发和盲目搜索；(3)为ACT和西蒙斯天文台调查编制和发布温度和偏振的点源目录；(4)支持高红移源候选源的后续方案。该项目支持一系列涉及普通公众、K-12学生、本科生和研究生的外展项目。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

Precision measurements of the cosmic microwave background radiation seek a clearer picture of the physics of the Big Bang. The telescopes that take such data also capture light from stars and galaxies that emit at the same wavelengths. This project would build software pipelines that take advantage of these measurements. Each day, these telescopes scan the sky and make an updated image, letting sources that are variable to be identified. During this decade, upgraded telescopes will produce more and better data of this kind. Such time-resolved data will permit new classes of unknown phenomena to be found. This may include exceptional supernovae, gamma ray bursts, tidal disruptions of stars around supermassive black holes, stellar flares and the discovery of additional bodies in the solar system, including a hypothetical and undiscovered Planet 9. The excitement of this project will be conveyed to the public via a variety of outreach programs including one targeting people living in rural areas near Tallahassee.New, time-domain studies of wide-field millimeter-wave surveys are opening a vast, unexplored discovery space. In this project, millimeter-wave transients and point-like sources will be identified using data from the Advanced Atacama Cosmology Telescope, now surveying areas that exceed 18,000 square degrees, and the Simons Observatory, which by the mid-2020s will produce more sensitive measurements over a similar area. Software tools and pipelines will be developed to (1) develop and implement a system to mine daily Simons Observatory data based on real-time transient alerts; (2) perform triggered and blind searches for mm-wave transients in archival and live data; (3) prepare and release point source catalogs in temperature and polarization for the ACT and Simons Observatory surveys; and (4) support a follow-up program for high redshift source candidates. The project supports a number of outreach programs that involve the general public, K-12 students and undergraduate as well as graduate students.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.