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Dimensions US-BIOTA-Sao Paulo: Collaborative Research: Integrating Dimensions of Microbial Biodiversity across Land Use Change in Tropical Forests

维度 US-BIOTA-圣保罗：合作研究：整合热带森林土地利用变化中微生物生物多样性的维度

基本信息

批准号：
1442109
负责人：
Brendan Bohannan
金额：
$ 60.86万
依托单位：
University of Oregon Eugene
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2015
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2015-01-01 至 2019-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1442109&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Dimensions US BIOTA Sao Paulo

项目摘要

Tropical forests are the largest reservoirs of biodiversity on Earth and are under great threat due to deforestation. This project addresses the critically important question of how microbial biodiversity responds to and recovers from deforestation. Microorganisms are regarded as drivers of ecosystem processes and have not been characterized as extensively as plants and animals. The US-Brazil research team will focus on the potent green house gas methane and identify the producers and consumers along gradients of land use in the Amazon rainforest. The educational efforts for this project will build relationships between K-12 students in Brazil and US for biological conservation through live video conferences for training of undergraduate students and research mentoring of graduate students and postdoctoral associates. The microbial studies have important conservation and technological implications for forest management. Direct and real time measurements of the methane gas in the soil-atmosphere interface will be combined with a targeted high throughput nucleic acid sequencing of microbes involved in the cycling of methane to assess their genetic, phylogenetic, and functional dimensions in two different regions of the Amazon rainforest. This work will result in the most extensive survey to date of the microbial diversity of any tropical ecosystem, the most comprehensive study of microbial responses to land use change ever documented, and the development of a novel approach for the integration of microbial biodiversity, allowing for accurate prediction of the effects of deforestation on the methane cycle.

热带森林是地球上最大的生物多样性宝库，由于森林砍伐而受到巨大威胁。该项目解决了微生物生物多样性如何应对森林砍伐并从中恢复的至关重要的问题。微生物被视为生态系统过程的驱动因素，但尚未像植物和动物那样得到广泛的表征。美国和巴西的研究小组将重点研究强效温室气体甲烷，并根据亚马逊雨林的土地利用梯度确定生产者和消费者。该项目的教育工作将通过培训本科生的实时视频会议以及对研究生和博士后的研究指导，在巴西和美国的 K-12 学生之间建立生物保护关系。微生物研究对森林管理具有重要的保护和技术意义。对土壤-大气界面中甲烷气体的直接和实时测量将与参与甲烷循环的微生物的有针对性的高通量核酸测序相结合，以评估它们在亚马逊雨林两个不同区域的遗传、系统发育和功能维度。这项工作将对热带生态系统的微生物多样性进行迄今为止最广泛的调查，对微生物对土地利用变化的反应进行有史以来最全面的研究，并开发一种整合微生物生物多样性的新方法，从而能够准确预测森林砍伐对甲烷循环的影响。