Dimensions US-BIOTA-Sao Paulo: Collaborative Proposal: Traits as predictors of adaptive diversification along the Brazilian Dry Diagonal

维度 US-BIOTA-圣保罗：合作提案：特征作为巴西干对角线沿线适应性多样化的预测因子

• 批准号: 1831560
• 负责人: Scott Edwards
• 金额: $ 41.93万
• 依托单位: Harvard University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-09-01 至 2024-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1831560&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Dimensions; US; BIOTA; Sao; Paulo

The Brazilian Dry Diagonal (BDD) is a broad region of diverse and unique habitats sandwiched in between the wetter Amazon basin to the west and the moist tropical and subtropical Atlantic Forest to the east. Although the BDD can appear superficially to be wasteland with little variety, in fact it harbors many unique species, comprise the most endangered set of habitats in Brazil, and is being rapidly being lost to agriculture and other human encroachment. This research will be the first to synthesize information from species' traits, communities, and genetics to understand how the unique traits and communities of organisms living in the BDD evolved. Using a diverse set of approaches to study in detail a variety of animals, plants and fungi that today inhabit this broad swath of dry habitats in central Brazil, the researchers will evaluate: 1) what sorts of traits - such as body size, shape or specific behaviors - allow a group of organisms to succeed in a novel environment? 2) how the novel environment determines the set of organisms - the community - that we see today? 3) how organisms adapt genetically and morphologically to that novel environment? and 4) how novel traits, communities, and genetic changes interact to produce the variety of organisms that are seen in different environments today? Answers to these questions will improve scientists' ability to predict the impacts of a changing world on biodiversity. The project will foster new international research collaborations by engaging a large team of experts from the United States and Brazil and will also provide interdisciplinary research training opportunities for undergraduate students, graduate students and post-doctoral researchers. To accomplish the four aims listed above, the project will first use a machine learning approach applied to hundreds of traits and lineages in the BDD to determine which traits predict evolutionary success - the tendency for xeric-adapted species to undergo evolutionary diversification. The project will then employ community phylogenetics approaches to understand how functional trait variation is distributed in the BDD, and will determine the evolutionary patterns and over- or under-dispersion of trait values observed in particular communities inhabiting the BDD today, as well as how traits are filtered across habitat gradients. Finally, the project uses a variety of genomic technologies, including whole genome sequencing and transcriptomics, to understand how organisms adapt to the more xeric habitats of the BDD as compared to close relatives living in adjacent mesic biomes. By linking evolutionary patterns in traits, communities and genes, the project will synthesize the functional, phylogenetic and genetic dimensions of biodiversity of the BDD and present a comprehensive portrait of its origins and evolution.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

巴西干旱对角线（BDD）是一个广阔的地区，拥有多样化和独特的栖息地，夹在西部潮湿的亚马逊盆地和东部潮湿的热带和亚热带大西洋森林之间。虽然BDD表面上看起来是一片荒地，种类很少，但事实上它拥有许多独特的物种，包括巴西最濒危的栖息地，并且正在迅速消失于农业和其他人类入侵。这项研究将是第一个综合来自物种特征，社区和遗传学的信息，以了解生活在BDD中的生物体的独特特征和社区是如何进化的。研究人员使用多种方法详细研究了今天居住在巴西中部这片广阔的干燥栖息地的各种动物，植物和真菌，他们将评估：1）什么样的特征-如身体大小，形状或特定行为-允许一组生物在新环境中取得成功？2)新的环境是如何决定我们今天所看到的生物群落的？3)生物如何在遗传和形态上适应新环境？以及4）新的特征、群落和遗传变化如何相互作用，以产生今天在不同环境中看到的各种生物体？这些问题的答案将提高科学家预测不断变化的世界对生物多样性的影响的能力。该项目将通过吸引来自美国和巴西的大量专家团队来促进新的国际研究合作，并将为本科生，研究生和博士后研究人员提供跨学科研究培训机会。 为了实现上述四个目标，该项目将首先使用机器学习方法应用于BDD中的数百个特征和谱系，以确定哪些特征预测进化成功-适应干旱的物种经历进化多样化的趋势。然后，该项目将采用社区遗传学方法来了解功能性状变异如何分布在BDD中，并将确定在今天居住在BDD的特定社区中观察到的性状值的进化模式和过度或分散不足，以及性状如何在栖息地梯度中过滤。最后，该项目使用了各种基因组技术，包括全基因组测序和转录组学，以了解生物体如何适应BDD的更多旱生栖息地，而不是生活在邻近的中生生物群中的近亲。该项目通过将性状、群落和基因的进化模式联系起来，将综合生物多样性的功能、系统发育和遗传方面，并全面描绘其起源和进化。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

The Evolution of Comparative Phylogeography: Putting the Geography (and More) into Comparative Population Genomics.

• DOI: 10.1093/gbe/evab176
• 发表时间: 2022-01-04
• 期刊: Genome biology and evolution
• 影响因子: 3.3
• 作者: Edwards SV;Robin VV;Ferrand N;Moritz C
• 通讯作者: Moritz C