Collaborative Research: Investigating the Role of Mesoscale Processes and Ice Dynamics in Carbon and Iron Fluxes in a Changing Amundsen Sea (INSPIRE)

阿蒙森海位于南大洋偏远的太平洋部分，是南极大陆架研究最少的地区之一。它与其他南极冰架地区有共同的特征，但也表现出独特的方面。Amundsen Sea Polynya(ASP)是一个开阔的地区，位于几个排干南极西部冰盖的末端冰川的底部，它展示了：1)大量的热量侵入，这些热量来自于上升到大陆架的变暖的环极深水(MCDW)；2)南极最快的冰盖融化；3)生产力最高的沿海Polynya(161 g Cm-2)和一个重要的大气二氧化碳汇；以及4)地球上一些季节性离岸海冰下降最快的地区。继早先的海洋实地考察项目阿蒙森海洋波利尼亚国际研究考察(ASPIRE；2011)之后，这项研究试图更好地综合和模拟海冰物理联系以及生物生产和碳输出条件的相对贡献，并将其与南极其他环极地区进行比较。一个中心特征将是使用区域耦合的物理-生物地球化学模型来跟踪阿蒙森海波利纳每年发生的大型浮游植物水华的动态。这项研究将提供一种方法，沿着南极冰架系统的连续体确定阿蒙森海的属性，并了解这些系统可能如何随气候变化而变化。教学技术将用于为三个不同的目标人群提供教育推广：中学生、职前科学教师和在职科学教师。将与科学教师教育工作者建立伙伴关系，在本科生和研究生水平的科学教师教育课程中实施STEM职业发展课程。

The Amundsen Sea, in the remote Pacific sector of the Southern Ocean, is one of the least well studied Antarctic continental shelf regions. It shares characteristics in common with other Antarctic ice shelf regions, but exhibits unique aspects also. The Amundsen Sea Polynya (ASP), an open region at the base of several of the terminal glaciers draining the West Antarctic Ice sheet exhibits: 1) large intrusions of heat delivered from the warming modified circumpolar deep water (mCDW) rising up onto the continental shelf, 2) the fastest melting ice sheets in Antarctica, 3) the most productive coastal polynya (161 g C m-2) together with a significant atmospheric CO2 sink, and 4) some of the most rapidly declining regions of seasonal off-shore sea ice on Earth. Following on from an earlier oceanographic field program, the Amundsen Sea Polynya International Research Expedition (ASPIRE; 2011), this study seeks to better synthesize and model the relative contributions of both physical ocean-ice linkages and biological production and carbon export terms and to compare these with other circumpolar Antarctic regions. A central feature will be the use of a regionally coupled physical-biogeochemical model to follow the dynamics of the large phytoplankton blooms that occur annually in the Amundsen Sea Polyna. This study will provides a means to locate the Amundsen Sea properties along the continuum of Antarctic ice shelf systems, and to understand how these system might change in response to climate change.Pedagogical techniques will be used to provide educational outreach for three distinct target populations: secondary students, pre-service science teachers, and in-service science teachers. Partnerships will be developed with science teacher educators to implement the STEM career-development lessons in undergraduate and graduate level science teachereducation courses.