EAGER: Citation++: Data Citation, Provenance, and Documentation

EAGER：引文：数据引文、出处和文档

• 批准号: 1448123
• 负责人: Margo Seltzer
• 金额: $ 30万
• 依托单位: Harvard University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-01-01 至 2017-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1448123&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: EAGER; Citation++; Data; Citation; Provenance

Most of the advances in science in the last 400 years come not merely from researchers working by themselves, but rather from a community of scholars cooperating and competing in pursuit of shared goals. Critical components of this community are built from scholarly citation, which turn isolated works into a network of scholarship that can be navigated and mined. For centuries, the outcome of such scholarly endeavors were written publications. With the coming of the digital age, new forms of scholarly output, such as data collections and digital publications have become commonplace. Unfortunately, the practices of citation and attribution that have been the mainstay of written publications are insufficient for this new digital world. A citation for digital data needs to be more descriptive than a reference to the location of the item; it needs to describe what the data is, where it came from, and how it was produced. This research will yield new techniques, tools and demonstrations of an extended citation service that uses data provenance, a formal record of how an object came to be in its current form. This extended citation service will facilitate activities such as research reproduction and attribution.The provenance-enabled data citation system developed in this work will both be embedded in an existing data platform (specifically, Dataverse) as well as functioning as a standalone service. The system addresses the following set of specific data citation challenges: It directly includes executable transformations for a limited, but important set of tools: R and SQL. For other tools, it provides a standardized documentation capability to describe transformations. The system is sufficiently flexible to serve either as part of a publication workflow, where data is part of a more conventional publication, or in support of a standalone publication. It also provides data summaries.

在过去的400年里，科学上的大多数进步不仅仅来自于研究人员自己的工作，而是来自于一个学者群体，他们为了追求共同的目标而相互合作和竞争。这个社区的关键组成部分是建立在学术引用上的，这将孤立的作品变成了一个可以导航和挖掘的学术网络。几个世纪以来，这种学术努力的成果就是书面出版物。随着数字时代的到来，新的学术产出形式，如数据收集和数字出版物已经变得司空见惯。不幸的是，作为书面出版物中流砥柱的引文和归属的做法已经不足以适应这个新的数字世界。数字数据的引用需要比对项目位置的引用更具描述性；它需要描述数据是什么，数据来自哪里，以及数据是如何产生的。这项研究将产生新的技术、工具和扩展引用服务的演示，该服务使用数据来源，即一个对象如何以其当前形式形成的正式记录。这种扩展的引文服务将促进研究复制和归因等活动。在这项工作中开发的支持来源的数据引用系统既可以嵌入到现有的数据平台（特别是Dataverse）中，也可以作为独立的服务运行。该系统解决了以下一组特定的数据引用挑战：它直接包括一组有限但重要的工具的可执行转换：R和SQL。对于其他工具，它提供了描述转换的标准化文档功能。该系统足够灵活，既可以作为发布工作流的一部分（其中数据是更传统发布的一部分），也可以支持独立发布。它还提供数据摘要。