An Experimental Study on the Role of Pore Fluid Pressure During Slow Slip in Subduction Zones

俯冲带慢滑移过程中孔隙流体压力作用的实验研究

• 批准号: 1452339
• 负责人: Melodie French
• 金额: $ 8.7万
• 依托单位: French Melodie E
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Fellowship Award
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-02-01 至 2017-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1452339&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Experimental; Study; Role; Pore; Fluid

Dr. Melodie French has been granted an NSF Earth Sciences postdoctoral fellowship to carry out a research and education plan at the University of Maryland, College Park. She will use experimental methods to characterize the effects of pore fluid pressure on slip processes in subduction zone rocks. Geophysical observations indicate that high fluid pressures occur in regions of subduction zones characterized by slow slip, which is behavior intermediate between standard seismicity and steady creep. Despite the fact that slow slip likely increases shear stress on the seismogenic plate boundary and may contribute to the nucleation of destructive earthquakes, little is known about the effects of very high fluid pressure on slip processes at the relevant pressure and temperature conditions. The results of this research program will constrain the processes that cause slow slip in subduction zones. Undergraduate students will be included in the execution of the research as part of their senior thesis requirements. In addition to working with students on the technical aspects of the research, Dr. French will mentor students in fulfilling requirements that develop their scientific communication skills.Seismic hazards associated with slow slip include (1) triggered seismicity along the updip seismogenic portion of subduction zones and (2) downdip and landward propagation of a seismic slip event. The focus of this work is to determine the micro-mechanisms of slow slip, and to provide constitutive relations that can be used to model seismic hazards associated with slow slip events. To accomplish these goals, Dr. French will conduct a set of experimental studies to document faulting and slip under the temperature and stress conditions that slow slip occurs. The effects of both high and increasing pore fluid pressure on failure rates, stress drops, and strength will be determined in antigorite-rich serpentinite. A set of novel experimental stress paths will be employed to test published and new hypotheses on the stabilizing effects of pore fluid. In addition to the experimental work, detailed microstructural analyses will characterize and quantify the deformation mechanisms that cause slow slip behavior.

Melodie French博士已获得NSF地球科学博士后奖学金，在马里兰州大学帕克分校开展研究和教育计划。她将使用实验方法来描述孔隙流体压力对俯冲带岩石滑动过程的影响。地球物理观测表明，高流体压力发生在以缓慢滑动为特征的俯冲带区域，这是标准地震活动和稳定蠕变之间的中间行为。尽管事实上，缓慢的滑动可能会增加剪切应力的孕震板块边界，并可能有助于破坏性地震的成核，很少有人知道非常高的流体压力在相关的压力和温度条件下的滑动过程的影响。这项研究计划的结果将限制俯冲带中导致缓慢滑动的过程。本科生将被包括在研究的执行作为他们的高级论文要求的一部分。除了在研究的技术方面与学生合作外，French博士还将指导学生满足发展他们的科学沟通技能的要求。与慢滑相关的地震危险包括（1）沿俯冲带上倾孕震部分的触发地震活动性沿着和（2）地震滑动事件的下倾和向陆传播。这项工作的重点是确定慢滑的微观机制，并提供本构关系，可用于模拟与慢滑事件相关的地震灾害。为了实现这些目标，弗伦奇博士将进行一系列实验研究，以记录在缓慢滑动发生的温度和应力条件下的断层和滑动。高孔隙流体压力和不断增加的孔隙流体压力对破坏率、应力降和强度的影响将在富含辉绿岩的蛇纹岩中确定。一组新的实验应力路径将被用来测试已发表的和新的假设的稳定作用的孔隙流体。除了实验工作，详细的微观结构分析将表征和量化的变形机制，导致缓慢的滑动行为。