CAREER: Traffic Injuries, Urbanization, and Infrastructural Development

职业：交通伤害、城市化和基础设施发展

• 批准号: 1453343
• 负责人: Harris Solomon
• 金额: $ 43.74万
• 依托单位: Duke University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-03-01 至 2022-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1453343&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; Traffic; Injuries; Urbanization; Infrastructural

A key feature of urbanization worldwide is intensified traffic, and along with it, an ever-increasing number of traffic-related injuries. Traffic-related injuries are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality globally, yet little is known about the social contexts, causes, and consequences of the problem. This project will examine the ways that traffic associated with modern urban life relates to bodily injury among urban residents. The project will provide new insights regarding how traffic and its injuries interrelate as well as how injuries distribute unequally across a city and across different types of mobility. The project also has a significant educational component that will train both undergraduate and graduate students. Educational activities include courses and student-led experiential research related to automobile accidents in the US. The project has several significant broader contributions to society. It will create several US-India connections through research and education linkages between Duke University and research groups in Mumbai, India. The data gleaned from the research can inform and advance policy in urban development and health by offering researchers and officials insights into the factors that shape traffic injuries and thus potential avenues for their reduction.With the support of a Faculty Early Career Development (CAREER) Award, Dr. Harris Solomon (Duke University) will undertake a five-year study of the medical impacts of rapid urban infrastructural development. Current studies of the social aspects of urban mobility generally approach traffic as a phenomenon that people enter and leave at will. Dr. Solomon will undertake research from a different perspective that poses traffic as something that can leave lasting effects on the body. The field research will be conducted in Mumbai, India, one of the world's most populous cities where traffic-related accidents have become one of the leading causes of injury and death. Ethnographic methods of participant observation and interviews will be employed across three key sites: a middle-class neighborhood where public and private transportation is a regular feature of daily life; trauma wards of local hospitals where traffic-related injuries are treated; and offices of traffic scientists and civil engineers whose plans for managing the city both affect and are affected by traffic accidents. These data will allow the researcher to better understand possible relations among urban density, experiences of injuries, and the ways people accommodate the necessity of moving through a city even as that movement comes at considerable risk to their well-being.

全世界城市化的一个主要特点是交通日益频繁，与交通有关的伤害沿着不断增加。创伤相关伤害是全球发病率和死亡率的主要原因，但对该问题的社会背景、原因和后果知之甚少。该项目将研究与现代城市生活相关的交通与城市居民身体伤害的关系。 该项目将提供有关交通及其伤害如何相互关联以及伤害如何在城市和不同类型的流动性中不平等分布的新见解。该项目还有一个重要的教育部分，将培训本科生和研究生。 教育活动包括与美国汽车事故相关的课程和学生主导的体验研究。该项目对社会有几个重大的更广泛的贡献。它将通过杜克大学和印度孟买研究小组之间的研究和教育联系，建立几个美印联系。从研究中收集的数据可以通过为研究人员和官员提供对形成交通伤害的因素的见解，从而为减少交通伤害提供潜在途径，从而为城市发展和健康提供信息和推进政策。在教师早期职业发展（CAREER）奖的支持下，所罗门博士（杜克大学）将对快速城市基础设施发展的医疗影响进行为期五年的研究。目前对城市流动性社会方面的研究一般将交通视为一种人们随意进出的现象。所罗门博士将从一个不同的角度进行研究，把交通作为一种可以对身体留下持久影响的东西。实地研究将在印度的孟买进行，孟买是世界上人口最多的城市之一，交通事故已成为造成伤亡的主要原因之一。参与者观察和访谈的人种学方法将在三个关键地点采用：一个中产阶级社区，公共和私人交通是日常生活的一个常规特征;当地医院的创伤病房，治疗交通相关的伤害;交通科学家和土木工程师的办公室，他们管理城市的计划既影响交通事故，也受交通事故的影响。这些数据将使研究人员能够更好地了解城市密度、受伤经历以及人们适应在城市中移动的必要性的方式之间可能存在的关系，即使这种移动对他们的福祉有相当大的风险。