Collaborative Research: SHINE: Origin and Acceleration of Suprathermal Ions Near Earth-orbit

这个为期3年的SHINE合作项目预计将：(1)推进对带电粒子如何在内日球层加速的基本理解；(2)获得关于内日球层超热离子性质的新信息；(3)为在各种天体物理地点开展涉及ST和高能离子加速的更广泛的理论研究提供了良好的基础。该项目的结果预计将显著提高对空间等离子体物理学中一个基本问题的基本理解，即带电粒子是如何在由日冕物质抛射驱动的冲击波中注入和加速的。由于太阳高能粒子事件增加了近地空间环境中的辐射危害，该项目的结果也将影响到NSF支持国家空间天气计划的几个倡议。该项目的科学成果将通过同行评议的期刊、学生积极参与的AGU和SHINE讲习班等科学会议以及UTSA的空间物理学研究生课程来传播。该项目还将在SwRI/UTSA培训一名博士后研究员和一名兼职研究生。该项目的研究和EPO议程支持AGS部门在发现、学习、多样性和跨学科研究方面的战略目标。SHINE项目的主要目标是确定在近地轨道观测到的局部加速ST离子与同步原位行星际结构（IP）的性质之间的关系，并为两种主要模型提供观测约束。项目团队将通过回答以下三个科学问题来实现这一目标：(1)1 AU附近ST离子的潜在IP源的性质是什么？(2)与这些IP结构相关的局部加速ST离子的性质是什么？(3) ST离子的性质与IP结构的性质之间有什么关系？为了回答这些问题，项目团队将执行四项任务。第一个任务是识别和消除来自遥远的、离散的高能粒子事件的ST贡献。第二个任务是使用ACE、Wind和STEREO识别和确定安静时间和IP结构（如压缩、稀疏、CIRs、ICMEs和IP冲击）的特性。第三个任务是识别和确定与上述IP结构相关的ST离子的性质。第四项任务是量化ST离子性质和IP结构之间的关系，建立明确的联系，并为现有ST离子加速模型提供观测约束。

This 3-year collaborative SHINE project is expected to: (1) advance basic understanding of how charged particles are accelerated in the inner heliosphere; (2) yield new information about the properties of suprathermal (ST) ions in the inner heliosphere; and, (3) provide a sound basis for enabling broader theoretical investigations involving acceleration of ST and energetic ions at a variety of astrophysical sites. The outcome of the project is expected to significantly improve basic understanding of a fundamental problem in space plasma physics namely, how charged particles are injected and accelerated at shock waves driven by coronal mass ejections in the inner heliosphere. Since solar energetic particle events increase radiation hazards in the near-Earth's space environment, the results from the project will also impact several NSF initiatives supporting the National Space Weather Program. The scientific outcome of this project will be disseminated via peer-reviewed journals, scientific meetings such as the AGU and SHINE workshops with active student participation, and space physics graduate-level curriculum at the UTSA. The project will also train one postdoctoral researcher and one half-time graduate student at the SwRI/UTSA. The research and EPO agenda of this project supports the Strategic Goals of the AGS Division in discovery, learning, diversity, and interdisciplinary research.The main objective of this SHINE project is to determine the relationships between the properties of locally accelerated ST ions observed in near-Earth's orbit and those of the concurrent in-situ interplanetary (IP) structures and provide observational constraints for the two main types of models. The project team will achieve this objective by answering the following three science questions: (1) what are the properties of potential IP sources of ST ions near 1 AU?; (2) what are the properties of locally accelerated ST ions associated with these IP structures?; and (3) what are the relationships between the properties of ST ions and those of the IP structures? In order to answer these questions, the project team will perform four tasks. The first task is to identify and eliminate the ST contributions from remote, discrete high-energy particle events. The second task is to identify and determine the properties of quiet-times and of IP structures such as compressions, rarefactions, CIRs, ICMEs, and IP shocks using ACE, Wind, and STEREO. The third task is to identify and determine the properties of ST ions associated with the above IP structures. The fourth task is to quantify the relationships and establish definitive links between properties of ST ions and IP structures and provide observational constraints for existing ST ion acceleration models.