Collaborative Research: Demographic and Genealogical Dimensions of Cultural and Biological Success

对科学的公共投资使研究人员有义务提供尽可能多的数据，这样社会就能从这些投资中受益，因为未来的研究人员会分析这些数据并产生新的发现。这个研究项目收集了几十年的原始数据，即人类学家广泛研究的人口统计学和家谱，开始分析与文化和生物成功相关的模式，并将其存档，供未来公众查阅。通过IPSCR将密歇根大学几十年的原始数据在网上提供给公众，该项目扩大了科学数据的传播，以增强科学和技术的理解。密苏里大学哥伦比亚分校的拿破仑·查格农和内布拉斯加州大学林肯分校的雷蒙德·哈梅斯博士将探讨婚姻形式、婚姻联盟、亲属存在和父母丧失对生育能力、后代存活率和婚姻稳定性的影响。这个项目有两个目标。首先是通过互联网将雅诺马莫人口统计和家谱数据库提供给研究人员，供有兴趣的社会科学家使用，他们希望测试围绕亲属关系、人口统计过程和婚姻的各种理论。第二个目标是测试各种人类进化理论，这些理论解决了婚姻形式、婚姻持续时间和亲属支持的变化如何影响儿童的幸福、婚姻和社会成功。雅诺马莫人是一个自然生育的民族，很少与外界接触，也没有接触过所有已知的婚姻形式，他们非常适合研究人类婚姻和家庭的本质。同样重要的是，Yanomamö数据库是所有部落人口中最大的数据库。它是拿破仑·查格农从1964年到1999年，在35年的时间里通过25次实地考察收集的。目前，这个极具前瞻性的数据库拥有大约4159人（2107人在世，2052人已去世）的家谱和人口统计信息，该项目将允许另外2500名雅诺马莫人加入，这些人尚未被输入、错误检查和整合到当前的数据库中。由此产生的规模将允许进行全面的统计分析，这是人类学家收集的较小数据库所无法做到的。数据将以各种标准格式存档供下载，以供统计分析。此外，该项目将创建一个免费提供但更易于用户使用的KINDEMCOM版本，这是一个独特的PC比较统计程序，旨在对数据进行复杂的家谱分析。一旦数据库完成并通过密歇根大学的IPSCR公开上线，项目负责人和其他感兴趣的社会科学家将能够调查文化和生物成功的家谱和人口统计学方面。

The public investments that have been made in science obligate researchers to make as much data as possible available, such that society to benefit from those investments as future researchers analyze that data and produce new discoveries. This research project amasses decades of primary data the demography and genealogy of population that has been extensively studied by anthropologists, begins to analyze it for patterns related to cultural and biological success, and archives it for future public access. In making several decades of primary data available to the public on-line at the University of Michigan through IPSCR, this project broadens the dissemination of scientific data to enhance scientific and technological understanding.Dr. Napoleon Chagnon of the University of Missouri at Columbia, and Dr. Raymond Hames of the University of Nebraska at Lincoln will explore the impact of marriage form, marital alliances, kin presence, and parental loss on fertility, offspring survivorship and marital stability. This project has two objectives. The first is to make the Yanomamo demographic and genealogical data base available to researchers via the Internet for use by interested social scientists who wish to test a wide variety of theories revolving around kinship, demographic processes, and marriage. The second goal is to test a variety of human evolutionary theories that address how variation in marriage form, marriage duration, and kin support affects the wellbeing and marital and social success of children. As a natural fertility population with little outside contact and with all known marital forms the Yanomamo are uniquely suited to shed light on the nature of human marriage and families. Just as importantly, the Yanomamö data base is the largest ever amassed for any tribal population. It was collected over a 35 year period through 25 field trips by Napoleon Chagnon from 1964-1999. Currently, this largely prospective data base has genealogical and demographic information on approximately 4,159 (2,107 living and 2,052 deceased) individuals and the project will permit the addition of another 2,500 Yanomamo who have yet to be entered, error checked, and integrated into the current data base. Its resultant size will allow comprehensive statistical analysis not possible with smaller data bases collected by anthropologists. The data will be archived for downloading in a variety of standard formats for statistical analysis. In addition, the project will create a freely available but more user friendly version of KINDEMCOM, a unique PC comparative statistical program designed for sophisticated genealogical analysis of the data. Once the data base is complete and publically goes on-line through IPSCR at the University of Michigan the project leaders and other interested social scientists will be able to investigate the genealogical and demographic dimensions of cultural and biological success.