Partonic structure of nucleons and nuclei (B01)

广义部子分布（GPDs）不仅编码了系统内部的部子分布信息，而且还编码了系统内部的形状因子信息，因此对其进行研究可以得到原子核内部结构的三维成像。在新的资助期内，我们计划将重点放在重力形状因子（gff）中编码的强子内部的机械特性（压力和剪切力分布）上。引力形式因子与非常广泛的一类物理问题有关，从广义相对论的基本问题到硬排他性过程的理论和奇异谐音的物理。虽然用重力直接访问这些形状因素是遥不可及的，但他们的第一次测量，根据硬QCD工艺中PLs之一提出的理论，是可用的。

A study of the generalized parton distributions (GPDs) can give a 3-dimensional imaging of the nucleon internal structures, since the GPDs encode the information of the nucleon form factors as well as the parton distributions inside the system simultaneously. In the new funding period we plan to concentrate on the mechanical properties (pressure and shear forces distributions) inside hadrons encoded in the gravitational form factors (GFFs). The gravitational form factors are related to a very wide class of physics problems ranging from the fundamental questions of General Relativity to the theory of hard exclusive processes and physics of exotic charmonia. Although a direct access to these form factors with gravitational forces is out of reach, their first measurements, following the theory suggested by one of the PLs in hard QCD processes became available.