Acquisition of Equipment for Calibration and Engineering Tests for University of Iowa's XPOL Radars

采购爱荷华大学 XPOL 雷达校准和工程测试设备

• 批准号: 1464613
• 负责人: Anton Kruger
• 金额: $ 16.13万
• 依托单位: University of Iowa
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-03-01 至 2019-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1464613&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Acquisition; Equipment; Calibration; Engineering; Tests

1464613KrugerThis grant supports acquisition of electronics diagnostic equipment to provide for regular calibration and testing of a set of four X-band polarimeteric Doppler Radars previously funded through an NSF/Major Research Instrumentation award (EAR- 0723145). The radars have been acquired, commissioned and test deployed and the investigators plan near-term scientific deployments to allow for high spatial (1.5 deg beamwidth or ca. 250 m2 pixels at 10 km range) and temporal (ca. 1-2 minute scan times) remote sensing of rainfall distribution/rate, the 3-D wind field and to discriminate between rainfall, hail and snow over regions of 10-30 km2. Four complete custom-built mobile X-band (3 cm wavelength) radar systems were built by ProSensing Inc. and delivered to the University of Iowa. The choice of X-band radar allowed for a small diameter antenna (6 ft diameter) to be trailer mounted for mobility. Power requirements are met by portable 120 V generators. The complete system includes the four radar antennae, elevation and azimuth variable pedestals mounted on truck trailers, and control, data acquisition and processing software and hardware. The mobile radar network can support meteorological and hydrologic research requiring high resolution observations of precipitation and wind field variability within regional storm cells. Research on multiple fronts of current interest in meteorology and hydrology will benefit from the radar network including: 1) fundamental studies of uncertainty in radar measurement of rainfall parameters in gauged basins; 2) multi-radar and LiDAR imaging of rainfall events to study non-linear scaling effects between the range of the national NEXRAD (Next Generation Radar) S-band network (avg 4 km2 pixel resolution, maximum range of reflectivity ~ 230 km) and elastic scanning LiDAR (meter scale pixel resolution; range = 1-2 km); 3) studies of the effects of urbanization on meteorological and hydrologic processes; 4) flood prediction in ungauged basins; and 5) soil erosion processes. The radar equipment will be used in several field experiments in Idaho, Iowa, and Illinois such as the Midwestern Intensively Managed Landscape Critical Zone Observatory (IML-CZO) in the Sangamon River basin in Illinois and the Clear Creek basin near Iowa City, Iowa. The investigators intend to make the radars broadly availability to the hydrosciences community through advertising via the CUAHSI (Consortium of Universities for the Advancement of Hydrologic Sciences, Inc.), UCAR (Universities Corporation for Atmospheric Research) and the CZO Network. The investigators also plan to use the requested calibration and testing equipment in newly developed courses in radar engineering at the University of Iowa. This support is congruent with NSFs mission of promoting the progress of science and advancing the national health, prosperity and welfare given the importance of advancing understanding the dynamical behavior of storms and their flooding potential as well the training of students in radar remote sensing and engineering with downstream workforce benefits in meteorology, water resources management, and radar systems applications.

这笔拨款支持购买电子诊断设备，为一组四个x波段偏振多普勒雷达提供定期校准和测试，这些雷达以前是由NSF/主要研究仪器奖（EAR- 0723145）资助的。雷达已经获得、委托和测试部署，研究人员计划在近期进行科学部署，以实现高空间（1.5度波束宽度或在10公里范围内约250平方米像素）和时间（约1-2分钟扫描时间）的降雨分布/速率遥感，3-D风场，并区分10-30平方公里区域的降雨、冰雹和雪。ProSensing公司制造了四个完整的定制移动x波段（3cm波长）雷达系统，并交付给了爱荷华大学。x波段雷达的选择允许一个小直径天线（6英尺直径）安装在拖车上，便于移动。电力需求由便携式120v发电机满足。完整的系统包括四个雷达天线，安装在卡车拖车上的仰角和方位角可变基座，以及控制、数据采集和处理软件和硬件。移动雷达网络可以支持气象和水文研究，这些研究需要对区域风暴单体内的降水和风场变化进行高分辨率观测。当前气象学和水文学领域的多个前沿研究将受益于雷达网络，包括：1)雷达测量流域降雨参数不确定性的基础研究；2)降雨事件的多雷达和激光雷达成像，研究国家NEXRAD（下一代雷达）s波段网络（平均4 km2像素分辨率，最大反射率范围~ 230 km）与弹性扫描激光雷达（米尺度像素分辨率，距离= 1-2 km）之间的非线性标度效应；3)城市化对气象水文过程的影响研究；4)未计量流域洪水预报；5)土壤侵蚀过程。雷达设备将用于爱达荷州、爱荷华州和伊利诺斯州的几个实地试验，如伊利诺斯州Sangamon河流域的中西部集中管理景观关键区观测站（IML-CZO）和爱荷华州爱荷华市附近的Clear Creek盆地。研究人员打算通过CUAHSI（促进水文科学大学联盟）、UCAR（大学大气研究公司）和CZO网络的广告，使这些雷达广泛地提供给水文科学界。调查人员还计划在爱荷华大学新开发的雷达工程课程中使用所要求的校准和测试设备。这种支持与nsf的使命是一致的，即促进科学进步，促进国家健康，繁荣和福利，因为提高对风暴动力学行为及其洪水潜力的理解的重要性，以及培养雷达遥感和工程方面的学生，为气象学，水资源管理和雷达系统应用的下游劳动力带来好处。