Committee on Geological and Geotechnical Engineering and its Activities

地质和岩土工程委员会及其活动

• 批准号: 1500724
• 负责人: Sammantha Magsino
• 金额: $ 38.5万
• 依托单位: National Academy of Sciences
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-05-15 至 2021-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1500724&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Committee; Geological; Geotechnical; Engineering; its

This award provides core funding for the Committee on Geological and Geotechnical Engineering (COGGE), a standing committee under the National Research Council's Board on Earth Sciences and Resources. COGGE is the focal point within the Board on Earth Sciences and Resources for scientific, technical, and public-policy issues pertaining to the engineering applications of Earth Sciences. The committee's scope encompasses Earth processes and materials, including the mechanics of rock and soil, and focuses on safe and responsible human development, risk assessment, and mitigation of natural anthropogenic hazards. The committee organizes and oversees studies: 1) to identify, investigate, and report on questions relating to geological and geotechnical engineering to government, industry, academia, and the public; 2) to provide scientific and technical information to inform public policy on geological and geotechnical engineering issues; 3) to identify new technologies and potential applications; and, 4) to promote the acquisition and dissemination of knowledge. In addition, the committee provides a forum for discussion among academic and professional groups, government agencies, and private industry to enhance national and international cooperation and exchange of information. The committee activity spans all areas of geological and geotechnical engineering, will identify new areas of needed research, and will provide increased understanding of the importance of geotechnology in addressing societal needs. The COGGE's mission is driven by the need to promote the responsibility of the geoengineer throughout the lifecycle of geoengineered facilities and structures; from site selection and facility design, to construction, operation, maintenance, and decommissioning. Issues include the geoengineering concerns associated with natural and built environments, radioactive and hazardous waste isolation and remediation, mitigation of natural hazards (e.g. earthquakes, landslides, rising sea levels), environmentally sound and safe recovery of natural resources, and interest in defense structures in rock. Projects undertaken, whether mandated by Congress, requested by federal agencies, or self-initiated, will be conducted by ad hoc committees under COGGE. Projects, governed by NRC guidelines, will result in peer-reviewed reports, and will provide geoengineering advice for decision makers.

该奖项为地质与岩土工程委员会（COGGE）提供核心资金，该委员会是美国国家研究委员会地球科学与资源委员会下属的一个常设委员会。COGGE是地球科学和资源委员会内与地球科学工程应用相关的科学、技术和公共政策问题的焦点。委员会的工作范围包括地球过程和材料，包括岩石和土壤力学，并侧重于安全和负责任的人类发展、风险评估和减轻自然人为危害。该委员会组织和监督研究：1)确定、调查并向政府、工业界、学术界和公众报告与地质和岩土工程有关的问题；2)提供科学和技术信息，为有关地质和岩土工程问题的公共政策提供信息；3)识别新技术和潜在应用；4)促进知识的获取和传播。此外，委员会还为学术和专业团体、政府机构和私营企业之间的讨论提供了一个论坛，以加强国家和国际合作和信息交流。委员会的活动涵盖地质和岩土工程的所有领域，将确定需要研究的新领域，并将增加对岩土技术在满足社会需求方面重要性的理解。在地球工程设施和结构的整个生命周期中，促进地球工程师的责任需求推动了COGGE的使命；从选址和设施设计，到建设、运营、维护和退役。问题包括与自然环境和建筑环境有关的地球工程问题、放射性和危险废物的隔离和补救、减轻自然灾害（例如地震、山体滑坡、海平面上升）、无害环境和安全地恢复自然资源，以及对岩石防御结构的兴趣。所进行的项目，无论是国会授权的，联邦机构要求的，还是自行发起的，都将由政府总务委员会下属的特设委员会进行。由NRC指导方针管理的项目将产生同行评议的报告，并将为决策者提供地球工程建议。