RAPID: Collaborative Research: Tracking and Explaining Americans' response to the Ebola outbreak

RAPID：协作研究：跟踪和解释美国人对埃博拉疫情的反应

• 批准号: 1504032
• 负责人: Claire Adida
• 金额: $ 3.88万
• 依托单位: University of California-San Diego
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-11-15 至 2017-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1504032&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: RAPID; Collaborative; Research; Tracking; Explaining

General Audience Summary This project examines the American public response to the current Ebola outbreak, which started in rural Guinea, West Africa, in December 2013. By October 2014, a handful of Americans had been infected with Ebola, including a nurse who came into contact with a Liberian national being treated in a Dallas hospital. This project asks how public opinion is shaped by (1) the policy responses offered by leading politicians and (2) the framing of Ebola as not just a public health issue but also an immigration issue. In particular, we examine Americans' knowledge of Ebola, their attitudes toward immigration, and their confidence in the U.S. government to respond to the Ebola outbreak. We measure how different types of information influence people's knowledge, attitudes and identify which factors drive U.S. public opinion toward this issue. For example, some participants are primed to think about an American as a potential source for Ebola transmission in America, while others are primed to think about an African as the source. The project also measures how these different frames affect respondents' willingness to donate to a U.S.-based charity fighting Ebola in West Africa. Learning how Americans respond to different frames of the Ebola crisis, and to the policy responses offered by politicians, not just by capturing their responses to survey questions but also determining their willingness to donate money to a non-partisan, non-profit healthcare organization, will better our understanding of the factors that shape attitudes and behaviors toward health, immigration and charitable giving. Technical SummaryTo study how issue framing and partisanship influence knowledge, attitudes, and behavior toward a public health epidemic, immigration, and the administration's response, we use a survey experiment administered online by a professional survey firm. The survey has four sections: pretreatment questions, such as the respondent's gender, age, education level, partisanship identity, and previous knowledge of and attitudes toward Ebola; the random administration of the treatment (an Ebola Fact Sheet); the collection of attitudinal and behavioral outcomes; and a manipulation check. The treatment (our Ebola Fact Sheet ) provides key facts about the Ebola virus and the recent outbreak, plus one of five randomly assigned pieces of information that allows us to assess the causal effect of issue-framing and of partisanship on the American response to this crisis. One of the novel aspects of our study is that it collects information not only on individual Americans' attitudes, but also on their behavior. Specifically, our survey instrument includes a question that provides respondents with the choice to donate part of their bonus survey compensation to a nonprofit, non-partisan organization currently fighting Ebola in West Africa. Finally, a manipulation check is designed to verify the extent to which our survey respondents comply with the treatment.This proposal was submitted prior to NSF 15-006 Dear Colleague Letter (DCL) on the Ebola Virus, but is funded consistent with the priorities identified in the DCL.

本项目研究了美国公众对当前埃博拉疫情的反应，该疫情于2013年12月在西非几内亚农村开始。到2014年10月，少数美国人感染了埃博拉病毒，其中包括一名护士，她与一名在达拉斯医院接受治疗的利比里亚国民接触。该项目探讨了公众舆论是如何被（1）主要政治家提供的政策反应和（2）埃博拉不仅是一个公共卫生问题，而且是一个移民问题的框架所塑造的。特别是，我们研究了美国人对埃博拉的了解，他们对移民的态度，以及他们对美国政府应对埃博拉疫情的信心。我们衡量不同类型的信息如何影响人们的知识，态度，并确定哪些因素推动美国公众对这个问题的看法。例如，一些参与者认为美国人是埃博拉病毒在美国传播的潜在来源，而其他人则认为非洲人是来源。该项目还衡量了这些不同的框架如何影响受访者向美国捐赠的意愿。西非抗击埃博拉的慈善机构。了解美国人如何应对埃博拉危机的不同框架，以及政客们提供的政策回应，不仅要捕捉他们对调查问题的回应，还要确定他们是否愿意向无党派，非营利性医疗保健组织捐款，这将更好地理解塑造健康，移民和慈善捐赠态度和行为的因素。为了研究问题框架和党派偏见如何影响知识，态度和行为对公共卫生流行病，移民和政府的反应，我们使用了由专业调查公司在线管理的调查实验。调查分为四个部分：治疗前的问题，如受访者的性别，年龄，教育水平，党派身份，以及以前的知识和对埃博拉的态度;治疗的随机管理（埃博拉情况说明书）;态度和行为结果的收集;和操纵检查。治疗（我们的埃博拉情况说明书）提供了关于埃博拉病毒和最近爆发的关键事实，加上五个随机分配的信息之一，使我们能够评估问题框架和党派对美国应对这场危机的因果影响。我们研究的一个新颖之处在于，它不仅收集了美国人个人态度的信息，而且还收集了他们行为的信息。具体来说，我们的调查工具包括一个问题，让受访者选择将他们的部分奖金调查补偿捐赠给一个目前在西非抗击埃博拉病毒的非营利、无党派组织。最后，操纵检查旨在验证我们的调查受访者遵守治疗的程度。该提案在NSF 15-006关于埃博拉病毒的亲爱的同事信（DCL）之前提交，但与DCL中确定的优先事项一致。