Many-Particle Quantum Engineering with Photon-Mediated Interactions

具有光子介导相互作用的多粒子量子工程

• 批准号: 1506401
• 负责人: Monika Schleier-Smith
• 金额: $ 45.73万
• 依托单位: Stanford University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-08-15 至 2018-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1506401&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Many; Particle; Quantum; Engineering; Photon

A remarkable feature of quantum physics is the non-locality of information. Quantum information can be encoded not only in individual bits or atoms, but also in the correlations amongst many atoms. Such correlations -- or "entanglement" -- may one day offer profound benefits for computation and precision sensing technologies. While the potential benefits of entanglement multiply with increasing particle number, so do the challenges of manipulating and preserving it. One key difficulty is that the naturally occurring interactions among atoms are local, i.e., an atom ordinarily interacts only with other atoms that are very near it. In this project, we will engineer a new type of interaction that is non-local and can thus entangle many spatially separated atoms. We will employ laser light as a messenger for conveying information between these atoms to generate entanglement. A crucial challenge is to convey this information discreetly, without letting it leak to the surrounding environment; otherwise, the delicate quantum mechanical system would be perturbed by the mere act of observation. Addressing this challenge will require a customized experimental apparatus, which graduate and undergraduate students will construct and operate, thereby acquiring valuable technical and analytical problem-solving skills. The educational impact will be extended to students from a local two-year college through summer internships designed to broaden participation in the science and engineering workforce.This project focuses on engineering light-mediated spin-spin interactions among laser-cooled atoms. The primary motivation is to enable the study of novel many-particle entangled states emerging from beyond-mean-field collective spin dynamics. By strongly coupling many atoms to a single mode of light in an optical resonator, we will generate interactions that are highly coherent, controllable, and non-local. By furthermore combining non-local interactions with local addressing, we will harness a single quantum bit non-linearity to manipulate the many-particle collective spin. The ease of tuning and quenching light-mediated interactions, as well as varying the strength and form of dissipation, will enable investigations of the emergence of entanglement in a quantum phase transition or in quantum chaotic dynamics. Sensitive, resonator-aided measurements will enable detailed quantum-state characterization, including tomographic reconstruction into a phase-space representation allowing for visual comparison of quantum dynamics with corresponding classical trajectories.

量子物理的一个显著特征是信息的非定域性。 量子信息不仅可以编码在单个比特或原子中，而且可以编码在许多原子之间的相关性中。 这种相关性-或称“纠缠”-有朝一日可能会为计算和精密传感技术带来深远的好处。 虽然纠缠的潜在好处随着粒子数量的增加而增加，但操纵和保持它的挑战也随之增加。一个关键的困难是原子之间自然发生的相互作用是局部的，即，一个原子通常只与离它很近的其他原子相互作用。在这个项目中，我们将设计一种新型的非局域相互作用，从而可以纠缠许多空间分离的原子。 我们将使用激光作为信使，在这些原子之间传递信息，以产生纠缠。 一个关键的挑战是谨慎地传递这些信息，不让它泄漏到周围的环境中;否则，这个微妙的量子力学系统将被仅仅是观察的行为所干扰。 解决这一挑战将需要一个定制的实验装置，研究生和本科生将建造和操作，从而获得宝贵的技术和分析解决问题的技能。 该项目的教育影响将通过暑期实习扩大到当地一所两年制大学的学生，旨在扩大科学和工程劳动力的参与，该项目的重点是在激光冷却的原子之间设计光介导的自旋-自旋相互作用。 主要的动机是使新的多粒子纠缠态的研究出现在超越平均场集体自旋动力学。 通过将许多原子与光学谐振腔中的单模光强耦合，我们将产生高度相干、可控和非局域的相互作用。 通过进一步将非定域相互作用与局域寻址相结合，我们将利用单个量子比特的非线性来操纵多粒子集体自旋。 调谐和淬灭光介导的相互作用的容易性，以及改变耗散的强度和形式，将使量子相变或量子混沌动力学中纠缠的出现成为可能。 灵敏的谐振器辅助测量将实现详细的量子态表征，包括将断层扫描重建为相空间表示，从而允许将量子动力学与相应的经典轨迹进行视觉比较。

项目成果

Approaching the Heisenberg Limit without Single-Particle Detection

• DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.116.053601
• 发表时间: 2016-02-02
• 期刊: PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
• 影响因子: 8.6
• 作者: Davis, Emily;Bentsen, Gregory;Schleier-Smith, Monika
• 通讯作者: Schleier-Smith, Monika

Painting Nonclassical States of Spin or Motion with Shaped Single Photons

用成形单光子绘制非经典的旋转或运动状态

• DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.121.123602
• 发表时间: 2018
• 期刊: Physical Review Letters
• 影响因子: 8.6
• 作者: Davis, Emily J.;Wang, Zhaoyou;Safavi-Naeini, Amir H.;Schleier-Smith, Monika H.
• 通讯作者: Schleier-Smith, Monika H.

One- and two-axis squeezing of atomic ensembles in optical cavities

• DOI: 10.1088/1367-2630/aa8438
• 发表时间: 2017-09-28
• 期刊: NEW JOURNAL OF PHYSICS
• 影响因子: 3.3
• 作者: Borregaard, J.;Davis, E. J.;Sorensen, A. S.
• 通讯作者: Sorensen, A. S.