UNS: Blood rheology and fluid dynamics

本提案的目的是研究血液的流动特性。血液是一种非常复杂的液体悬浮液，含有许多成分，如红细胞、白细胞、血小板和几种蛋白质。建议将实验与理论相结合，以发现正确的血液模型，该模型可用于预测出血或动脉瘤或动脉粥样硬化斑块周围的流体动力学现象。心血管疾病对美国的经济影响每年约为3000亿美元。即使在这方面有一点小小的改善，也会对人类生活质量和国民经济产生非常大的影响。在此建议提供一个系统的，多学科的，协作的，非牛顿血液流变学的研究，将基于结合实验和理论的努力。从实验方面来看，非线性和时间相关的流变学实验是在精心收集和适当的生理特征的血液样本上进行的。除了更传统的实验（如大振幅振荡剪切，LAOS）外，这些实验还涉及新的实验（如老挝和稳定剪切的叠加），专门用于探测与动脉脉动流最相关的血流特征。通过系统地改变施加变形的频率和幅度，建议收集血液流变反应的详细表示，可以用来充分表征它。从理论方面，将特别强调使用实验数据来开发热力学一致的模型。然后，这些模型被提议用于模拟动脉血流行为，以研究非牛顿血液流变学对血流动力学的影响，特别是在触变性血流特性预计发挥重要作用的条件和情况下，如动脉瘤和动脉粥样硬化斑块周围的血流。拟议的实验和模拟将导致K-12学生示范展示的发展，也可以通过当地少数民族机构的有针对性的参与，并通过利用大学内的少数民族项目，传播STEM在教育中的影响，特别是对少数民族的影响。

The goal of this proposal is to investigate the flow properties of blood. Blood is a very complex fluid suspension of many ingredients, such as red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets and several proteins. It is proposed to combine experiments and theory to discover the correct model for blood that can be used to predict fluid dynamics phenomena in cases of bleeding or aneurysms, or flow around atherosclerotic plaques. The economic impact on the US from cardiovascular disease is about three hundred billion dollars annually. Even a small improvement in this area can have a very strong impact on the quality of human life and on the National economy.It is proposed here to offer a systematic, multidisciplinary, collaborative, study of the Non-Newtonian blood rheology that will be based on a combined experimental and theoretical effort. From the experimental side, nonlinear and time-dependent rheological experiments are planned on carefully collected and appropriately physiologically characterized blood samples. The experiments, in addition to the more traditional ones (such as Large Amplitude Oscillatory Shear, LAOS) involve new ones (like the superposition of LAOS and steady shear) specifically tailored to probe those blood flow characteristics that are most pertinent to arterial pulsatile flow. By systematically varying the frequency and the amplitude of the imposed deformations, it is proposed to collect a detailed representation for the blood rheological response that can be used to fully characterize it. From the theoretical side, particular emphasis will be placed on using the experimental data to develop thermodynamically consistent models. The models are then proposed to be used in simulating arterial blood flow behavior, in order to investigate the impact of the Non-Newtonian blood rheology in blood flow dynamics, especially under conditions and in situations where the thixotropic blood flow characteristics are anticipated to play an important role, such as flow in aneurisms and around atherosclerotic plaques. The proposed experiments and simulations will lead to the development of demonstration showcases for K-12 students that can also spread the influence of STEM in education, especially for minorities, through the targeted involvement of local minority institutions and through leveraging with minority programs within the University,