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Velocities, elevation changes and mass budgets of Antarctic Peninsula glaciers

南极半岛冰川的速度、海拔变化和质量预算

基本信息

批准号：
220177562
负责人：
Professor Dr. Matthias Holger Braun
金额：
--
依托单位：
Institut für Geographie
依托单位国家：
德国
项目类别：
Infrastructure Priority Programmes
财政年份：
2012
资助国家：
德国
起止时间：
2011-12-31 至 2015-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/220177562?language=en
关键词：
Velocities elevation changes mass budgets

项目摘要

Climate conditions along the Antarctic Peninsula have considerably changed in the last 50 years. The glaciers on the Western Antarctic Peninsula (WAP) have already shown reactions of change by speedup and surface lowering. The disintegration of the Larsen-A and B Ice Shelves, the ice shelves in the Larsen Inlet, Prinz-Gustav-Channel and Wordie Ice Shelf have led to a surge-type behaviour of tributary glaciers to which much of the current contribution of Antarctic Peninsula ice to sea level rise is attributed. However, quantifications of mass loss from the peninsula using different observations and methods are still ambiguous. We propose to improve the quantifications of mass loss in the area of the former Northern Larsen-A embayment as well as for Western Antarctic Peninsula glaciers including tributaries to former Wordie Ice Shelf. In order to achieve those goals we analyse time series of SAR satellite data from the ESA archive to determine glacier velocity changes for these regions over the last 20 years. We use data from the new national mission TerraSAR-X and TanDEM-X to generate ice velocity fields, to determine surface elevation changes and to map the grounding line of tidewater glaciers. We will back our products with ground truth measurements from two field campaigns and laser altimetry from collaborating partners. In an integrated analysis we link those data sets to achieve a better glaciological understanding of underlying processes. We apply a novel approach to quantify volume changes and to derive ice thickness maps for selected areas using a mass conserving approach that leverages on the various remote sensing data sets generated.

南极半岛沿着的气候条件在过去50年中发生了很大变化。南极西部半岛（WAP）的冰川已经表现出了加速和表面降低的变化反应。拉森-A和B冰架、拉森湾冰架、古斯塔夫亲王海峡冰架和沃迪冰架的解体导致支流冰川的激增，目前南极半岛冰对海平面上升的贡献大部分归因于此。然而，使用不同的观测和方法对半岛质量损失的量化仍然是模糊的。我们建议，以提高质量损失的量化在该地区的前北方拉森-A海湾，以及南极半岛冰川西部，包括支流前沃迪冰架。为了实现这些目标，我们分析了欧空局存档的SAR卫星数据的时间序列，以确定这些地区在过去20年中的冰川速度变化。我们使用来自新的国家使命TerraSAR-X和TanDEM-X的数据来生成冰速度场，以确定表面高程变化并绘制冰川的接地线。我们将支持我们的产品与地面实况测量从两个领域的运动和激光测高从合作伙伴。在综合分析中，我们将这些数据集联系起来，以更好地了解冰川的基本过程。我们应用一种新的方法来量化体积变化，并使用质量守恒方法来推导选定地区的冰厚度图，该方法利用生成的各种遥感数据集。