EAPSI:Resolving sources of volcanic and hydrothermal gases from the North Island of New Zealand

而像碳这样的挥发性元素则会在新西兰海岸附近的希库朗吉边缘这样的会聚构造边缘返回到地球深处？在北岛，海洋沉积物中的一些碳通过火山和热液活动释放出来。 碳的地质循环？无论是在像希库朗吉保证金这样的机构还是在全球范围内？人们对这一概念知之甚少，必须加以澄清，以评估人类活动对碳收支的影响。 该奖项支持第一次协调挥发性采样和分析活动，旨在阐明相对于Hikurangi海沟，在地热系统中首次检测到板状碳，以及碳释放的程度如何随着距离海沟的变化而变化。将与新西兰GNS科学公司的布鲁斯克里斯滕森博士合作进行实地取样和分析。除了总体碳循环预算外，将在弧前火山中心进行的取样（陶波火山区）和北岛弧后地区将被用来限制各种碳，氮，以及沿俯冲板沿着在不同深度处的氦储存器。 人们对弧前和弧后的挥发过程知之甚少，对造成挥发物释放的特殊地球化学反应以及蚀变洋壳中碳酸盐促进碳通量的可能性也知之甚少。 新的火山、热液和岩石样本将使俯冲带的热力学模型更加完整，具有局部和全球意义。 全面的取样和分析还将有助于改进用于区分俯冲带释放的挥发物来源的标准模型。该奖项是与新西兰皇家学会合作资助的。

While volatile elements like carbon are returned to the deep Earth at convergent tectonic margins like the Hikurangi Margin off the coast of New Zealand?s North Island, some carbon in marine sediments is released through volcanic and hydrothermal activity. Geologic cycling of carbon ? both at settings like the Hikurangi Margin and globally ? is poorly understood and must be clarified to evaluate anthropogenic effects on the carbon budget. This award supports the first concerted volatile sampling and analysis campaign aimed at elucidating where, relative to the Hikurangi Trench, slab-derived C is first detected in geothermal systems and how the extent of C release changes with distance from the trench. Field sampling and analysis will be conducted in collaboration with Dr. Bruce Christenson of GNS Science, New Zealand.In addition to the overall carbon cycling budget, the sampling that will be conducted in the fore-arc, volcanic center (the Taupo Volcanic Zone), and back-arc regions of the North Island will be used to constrain cycling and devolatilization potential of various carbon, nitrogen, and helium reservoirs at different depths along the subducting slab. Fore- and back-arc devolatilization processes are poorly understood, as are the particular geochemical reactions responsible for volatile release and the potential for carbonate in altered oceanic crust to contribute to carbon fluxes. New volcanic, hydrothermal, and rock samples will enable more complete thermodynamic modeling of subduction zones, with local as well as global implications. Comprehensive sampling and analysis will also permit refinement of standard models used to distinguish sources of volatiles released at subduction zones. This award is funded in collaboration with the Royal Society of New Zealand.