EAPSI: Linking Climate Variability and Coral Health Through Great Barrier Reef Coral Records

EAPSI：通过大堡礁珊瑚记录将气候变化与珊瑚健康联系起来

• 批准号: 1515454
• 负责人: Emma Reed
• 金额: $ 0.51万
• 依托单位: Reed Emma
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Fellowship Award
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-06-01 至 2016-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1515454&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: EAPSI; Linking; Climate; Variability; Coral

Coral reef health has declined worldwide in recent decades, in large part due to changing environmental conditions. However, these trends lack long historical context. Coral-based reconstructions of past ocean conditions can help researchers anticipate how reefs will respond to ongoing stressors, such as warming and acidifying oceans. Three approaches--geochemical, growth banding, and luminescence--are often used to generate these climate records, but are rarely used together. Combining these methods reconstructs both past environmental change and coral growth. This project will generate luminescence and growth banding records on three coral cores in collaboration with Dr. Janice Lough at the Australian Institute of Marine Science (AIMS), which will supplement existing geochemical measurements. This work will produce a novel record of both environmental conditions and their effects on coral health.Three coral cores have already undergone geochemical analyses, both of stable isotopes (delta-18-O and delta-13-C) and elemental ratios (Sr/Ca). These measurements correspond to changes in seawater temperature and salinity. At AIMS, luminescent bands will be used to track changes in terrestrial runoff, and coral growth will be measured by three parameters (extension, density, and calcification rate). In conjunction, these methods record changes in ocean temperature, salinity, and runoff, and their effects on coral growth rate. This project establishes a methodological basis for future, multi-century records. This NSF EAPSI award supports the research of a U.S. graduate student and is funded in collaboration with the Australian Academy of Science.

近几十年来，全球珊瑚礁的健康状况有所下降，这在很大程度上是由于环境条件的变化。 然而，这些趋势缺乏长期的历史背景。 基于珊瑚的过去海洋条件的重建可以帮助研究人员预测珊瑚礁将如何应对持续的压力，例如海洋变暖和酸化。 三种方法--地球化学、生长带和发光--经常被用来产生这些气候记录，但很少一起使用。 结合这些方法重建过去的环境变化和珊瑚生长。 该项目将与澳大利亚海洋科学研究所的Janice Lough博士合作，对三个珊瑚芯进行发光和生长带记录，以补充现有的地球化学测量。 这项工作将对环境条件及其对珊瑚健康的影响产生新的记录，已经对三个珊瑚芯进行了稳定同位素（δ-18-O和δ-13-C）和元素比率（Sr/Ca）的地球化学分析。 这些测量值对应海水温度和盐度的变化。 在大西洋、印度洋、地中海和南海，发光带将用于跟踪陆地径流的变化，珊瑚生长将通过三个参数（延伸、密度和钙化率）来测量。 结合起来，这些方法记录海洋温度，盐度和径流的变化，以及它们对珊瑚生长速度的影响。 该项目为未来的多世纪记录奠定了方法学基础。这个NSF EAPSI奖支持美国研究生的研究，并与澳大利亚科学院合作资助。