Collaborative Research: Establishing a Novel Geophysical Monitoring Scheme for Delineating In Situ Carbonation Processes in Ultramafic Complexes

合作研究：建立一种新的地球物理监测方案来描绘超镁铁杂岩中的原位碳化过程

• 批准号: 1520202
• 负责人: James Kinsey
• 金额: $ 6万
• 依托单位: Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-07-15 至 2019-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1520202&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Establishing; Novel; Geophysical

This project investigates natural carbon sequestration processes in geologic formations using geophysical methods. At the largest scale, this approach will ultimately assess future geological applications for atmospheric CO2 monitoring and mitigation efforts. The research seeks to establish a novel, field-based, high-resolution monitoring technique for how carbon sequestration takes place through natural carbonation processes. They use magnetics and gravity measurements acquired by state-of-art sensors in the field. The survey site is located within Atlin ophiolite, British Columbia, Canada,where previous studies indicate exposure of the relevant rocks. Their approach allows the reseachers to directly observe the carbonation process and gain insight into this important scientific process as well as its impacts on the broader earth science community.Chemical processes occurring during the formation of Earth?s rock represents the largest single long-term sink in the global carbon cycle. One such process is peridotite carbonation, the chemical process in which gaseous carbon dioxide (CO2) is solidified by the interaction of existing rock and water. Understanding peridotite carbonation is important for understanding a variety of Earth science processes, including the exchange of carbon between the atmosphere, hydrosphere (e.g., oceans, rivers, groundwater, etc) and Earth?s crust and interior, the habitability of microbial organisms hosted by this process, and the role that carbon (specifically amount and distribution) play in the evolution of Earth. Furthermore, the peridotite carbonation process serves as a permanent (i.e., stable and long-term) method for storing CO2 and has the potential to be one of the most efficient applications for geological CO2 sequestration. Thus peridotite carbonation may provide a viable method for the long-term storage of anthropogenic (man made) CO2. They test the hypothesis that observable changes in magnetics and gravity signals correspond to the magnetic and gravitational attraction of the rock that changes with variations in the naturally occurring carbon sequestration within the rock. Previously, this hypothesis has only been tested in the laboratory using small field samples; here they study this process directly in large field studies, where previous mapping indicated the exposure and clear spatial zonation in the field of mantle peridotite, serpentinite and listvenite (the end product of the carbonation process of mantle peridotite) that are separated by additional zones consisting of transitional assemblages comprising both adjacent end-member assemblages.

本项目利用地球物理方法研究地质构造中的自然碳固存过程。在最大范围内，这种方法将最终评估未来大气CO2监测和减缓工作的地质应用。该研究旨在建立一种新的，基于现场的，高分辨率的监测技术，以了解碳固存如何通过自然碳酸化过程发生。他们使用由现场最先进的传感器获得的磁力和重力测量结果。勘测地点位于加拿大不列颠哥伦比亚省的阿特林蛇绿岩内，先前的研究表明相关岩石暴露于此。他们的方法使研究人员能够直接观察碳酸化过程，并深入了解这一重要的科学过程及其对更广泛的地球科学界的影响。岩石代表了全球碳循环中最大的单一长期汇。 一个这样的过程是橄榄岩碳酸化，其中气态二氧化碳（CO2）通过现有岩石和水的相互作用而固化的化学过程。 了解橄榄岩碳酸化作用对于了解各种地球科学过程非常重要，包括大气、水圈（例如，海洋、河流、地下水等）和地球？地球的地壳和内部，微生物的可居住性，以及碳（特别是数量和分布）在地球演化中的作用。 此外，橄榄岩碳酸化过程充当永久的（即，稳定和长期）的方法储存二氧化碳，并有可能成为最有效的应用之一，地质二氧化碳封存。 因此，橄榄岩碳酸盐化可能提供一个可行的方法，长期存储人为（人造）CO2。 他们测试了一个假设，即磁性和重力信号的可观察变化对应于岩石的磁性和重力吸引力，该吸引力随着岩石内自然发生的碳封存的变化而变化。 此前，这一假设仅在实验室中使用少量实地样本进行了检验;在这里，他们直接在大型野外研究中研究这一过程，先前的测绘表明地幔橄榄岩野外的暴露和清晰的空间分带，蛇纹岩和蛇纹岩（地幔橄榄岩碳酸盐化过程的最终产物），它们被由过渡组合组成的附加带分开，过渡组合包括两个相邻的端-成员集合。