Doctoral Dissertation Research: Mapping Community Exposure to Coastal Climate Hazards in the Arctic: A Case Study in Alaska's North Slope

博士论文研究：绘制北极地区沿海气候灾害社区暴露程度：阿拉斯加北坡案例研究

• 批准号: 1523191
• 负责人: Robin Leichenko
• 金额: $ 1.36万
• 依托单位: Rutgers University New Brunswick
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-10-01 至 2016-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1523191&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Doctoral; Dissertation; Research; Mapping; Community

This research investigates community exposure to coastal climate hazards in Alaska?s North Slope and incorporates community assessment of the potential effects on loss of land, infrastructure, and other assets. This analysis will inform response strategies and planning by developing new methods of hazard assessment that can support community resilience in the North Slope and potentially serve as a model for advancing assessment and planning in other rural and urban communities. This research will expand traditional assessments of financial exposure to also include non-material factors such as values and priorities of diverse social groups within a community including a diverse set of stakeholders, ranging from multinational oil companies to individual subsistence hunters. This study surveys community views of asset importance and integrates results with a geophysical hazard data model for a coproduced community exposure map of the North Slope coast. This research will contribute to understanding the human and social dimensions of climate change impacts, including how social, economic, political, and cultural factors shape vulnerabilities and condition response strategies. Methods and findings could enhance nation-wide efforts in the United States to map community exposure to coastal climate hazards by demonstrating methods for, and the importance of systematically incorporating non-market values in exposure analysis.The objectives of the proposed research include adapting the U.S. Geological Survey's (USGS) coastal vulnerability index (CVI) to the Arctic context, and integrating results with formal asset databases and a spatial community landscape value model while working with affected communities during the process to coproduce exposure maps. Specifically, working with North Slope Alaskan communities the study will incorporate wind fetch (i.e., the open water distance over which wind can generate near shore waves, determined by sea ice extent) into the CVI and get community feedback on the results. In addition to community input on the CVI maps, coproducing the exposure maps includes the community assigning values to traditional land use places using existing spatial datasets and mapping and investigating specific sites threatened by coastal hazards with the aim to learn why exposed assets threaten the community.

这项研究调查了阿拉斯加S北坡的社区暴露在沿海气候灾害中，并纳入了社区对土地、基础设施和其他资产损失的潜在影响的评估。这一分析将通过开发新的危险评估方法来为应对战略和规划提供信息，这些方法可以支持北坡的社区复原力，并可能成为推进其他农村和城市社区评估和规划的典范。这项研究将扩大对金融风险敞口的传统评估，将非物质因素也包括在内，如社区内不同社会群体的价值观和优先事项，包括从跨国石油公司到个人自给自足猎人的不同利益攸关方。这项研究调查了社区对资产重要性的看法，并将结果与地球物理灾害数据模型结合起来，共同制作了北坡海岸的社区暴露地图。这项研究将有助于理解气候变化影响的人类和社会层面，包括社会、经济、政治和文化因素如何塑造脆弱性和状况应对战略。方法和结果可以通过展示系统地将非市场价值纳入暴露分析的方法和重要性，来加强美国全国范围内绘制社区暴露于沿海气候灾害的地图的努力。拟议的研究的目标包括使美国地质调查局(USGS)的海岸脆弱性指数(CVI)适应北极背景，并将结果与正式的资产数据库和空间社区景观价值模型相结合，同时在过程中与受影响的社区合作共同制作暴露地图。具体地说，与北坡阿拉斯加社区合作，这项研究将把风向(即风能在近岸产生波浪的开放水域距离，由海冰范围确定)纳入CVI，并获得社区对结果的反馈。除了社区在CVI地图上的投入外，共同制作暴露地图还包括社区使用现有空间数据集为传统的土地利用地点赋值，以及绘制和调查受到沿海灾害威胁的特定地点，目的是了解暴露的资产为何威胁社区。