Doctoral Dissertation Research: The Socio-Political Consequences of Producing Workers through Migration and Training

政府资助和发起的发展政策和方案可能是美国和国外国内和国际移民的关键驱动因素。这些政策和方案的目标和效果因目标人群而异。对于少数民族妇女来说，招募从事家政和个人服务劳动的人很常见。由于这种工作的私密性，它经常伴随着培训计划，旨在为工人做好准备，以满足政府和雇主的要求。然而，人们对这些计划如何实现其目标，如何将少数民族妇女转变为理想的员工，以及这种转变对妇女本身的影响知之甚少，特别是考虑到这些部门的就业容易出现不稳定、不可预测和脆弱的情况。该奖项资助的人类学研究旨在通过跟踪一群这样的女性的迁徙旅程、与政府官员的互动、参与政府资助的项目以及护理部门的劳动力来填补这一空白。这项研究将由布朗大学博士生安德里亚·L·赖特在印度进行，由莉娜·弗鲁泽蒂博士指导。印度是这些研究问题的理想之选，因为与美国不同，劳动力链中的所有地点都在一个国家，这有助于控制数据收集和分析的变量。这位研究人员将把重点放在来自东北部曼尼普尔州的女性身上，她们在政府的鼓励和支持下，向南迁移到2000英里外的班加罗尔市接受培训和就业。由于这些妇女在班加罗尔经历的暴力和歧视，她们提供了一个特别令人信服的研究人群。研究人员将在整个培训课程期间监测选定的一组妇女，并监测她们在培训后的就业情况。她将采用混合方法收集数据，其中包括：参与者观察民族志；对曼尼普尔和班加罗尔所有利益攸关方(政府官员、培训者、受训人员、雇员、行业代表、非政府组织、家庭)的代表性样本进行半结构化访谈；重点小组访谈；相关行业博览会的活动分析；文件分析；以及对受训人员工作日记的分析。这项研究的结果将有助于社会科学理论如何以及为什么通过有针对性的培训来创造特定类型的工人。结果还将为政策制定者提供他们设计项目所需的信息，以满足受训者以及培训赞助者的需求。

Government funded and initiated development policies and programs can be key drivers of both domestic and international migration, both in the United States and abroad. The goals and effects of such policies and programs vary depending on the target population. For ethnic minority women, recruitment into domestic and personal service labor is common. Because of the intimate nature of such work, it is often accompanied by training programs designed to prepare workers to meet the requirements of both the government and employers. However, little is known about how the programs achieve their goals, how they transform ethnic minority women into desirable employees, and how that transformation affects the women themselves, particularly given that employment in these sectors is prone to instability, unpredictability, and vulnerability. The anthropological research funded by this award is designed to fill this gap by following a cohort of such women through their migratory journeys, interactions with government officials, involvement with government funded programs, and labor in the care sector. The research will be conducted in India by Brown University doctoral student Andrea L. Wright, under the supervision of Dr. Lina Fruzzetti. India is ideal for these research questions because, unlike the United States, all locations in the labor chain are in one country, which facilitates control of variables for data collection and analysis. The researcher will focus on women from the northeastern state of Manipur who migrate, with government encouragement and support, over 2000 miles south to the city of Bangalore for training and employment. Because of the violence and discrimination that such women have experienced in Bangalore, they present a particularly compelling research population. The researcher will monitor a selected group of women throughout the training course and into their post-training employment. She will collect data using a mixed methods approach, including: participant observation ethnography; semi-structured interviews with a representative sample of all stakeholders (government official, trainers, trainees, employees, industry representatives, non-governmental organizations, families) in both Manipur and Bangalore; focus group interviews; event analysis of relevant industry fairs; document analysis; and analysis of trainees' work diaries. The results of this research will contribute to social science theory of how and why workers of a specific type are created through targeted training. Results also will provide policy makers with information they need to design programs that serve the needs of those who are trained as well those who sponsor the training.