ONFIRE (ObservatioNs of Fire's Impact on the southeast atlantic REgion)

ONFIRE（火灾对东南大西洋地区影响的观察）

• 批准号: 1528249
• 负责人: Paquita Zuidema
• 金额: $ 1.78万
• 依托单位: University of Miami
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-08-01 至 2016-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1528249&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: ONFIRE; ObservatioNs; Fire; Impact; southeast

Southern Africa is the world's largest emitter of biomass burning aerosols. Their westward transport over the remote southeast Atlantic ocean co-locates some of the largest planetary aerosol loadings with the least examined of the Earth's major stratocumulus decks. While much of the aerosol resides above the boundary layer cloud, free-tropospheric subsidence and marine boundary layer deepening as sea surface temperatures warm imply that absorbing aerosol can also be entrained into the boundary layer. Model representations of the solar-absorbing aerosol cloud- atmosphere-ocean system must consider not only the direct radiative effect, but also radiative changes arising from cloud adjustments to the atmospheric warming and from aerosol cloud microphysical interactions. ONFIRE (ObservatioNs of Fire's Impact on the southeast atlantic REgion) is a field campaign; the intensive five-week deployment of facilities in the southeast Atlantic is scheduled for September 2017. A coordinated set of hypotheses that improve understanding of biomass burning aerosol composition and absorption, their relationship to cloud-top entrainment, and impact on cloud microphysics, are being examined. The award that is being funded is considered a Scientific Planning Overview document and serves as the scientific basis for the campaign. Individual science proposals will be reviewed separately.

南部非洲是世界上最大的生物质燃烧气溶胶排放国。它们在偏远的东南大西洋上空向西输送，将一些最大的行星气溶胶负荷与地球主要层积云甲板上检查最少的区域放在一起。虽然大部分气溶胶存在于边界层云之上，但随着海面温度升高，自由对流层沉降和海洋边界层加深意味着吸收性气溶胶也可能被夹带到边界层中。吸收太阳气溶胶云-大气-海洋系统的模型表示不仅必须考虑直接辐射效应，还必须考虑云对大气变暖的调整和气溶胶云微物理相互作用引起的辐射变化。 ONFIRE（观察火灾对东南大西洋地区的影响）是一项实地活动；计划于 2017 年 9 月在东南大西洋集中部署为期五周的设施。正在研究一组协调一致的假设，以增进对生物质燃烧气溶胶成分和吸收、其与云顶夹带的关系以及对云微物理的影响的理解。正在资助的奖项被视为科学规划概述文件，并作为该活动的科学基础。 个别科学提案将单独审查。