Promoting Empathy and Collaborative Decision Making for Natural Resource Management using a Computer Mediated Scenario

使用计算机介导的场景促进自然资源管理的同理心和协作决策

• 批准号: 1530847
• 负责人: Erik Johnston
• 金额: $ 44.91万
• 依托单位: Arizona State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-07-15 至 2019-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1530847&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Promoting; Empathy; Collaborative; Decision; Making

To promote effective collaborative management, it is critical to develop interventions that promote empathy, which is a precursor to cooperative behavior, and to understand the contextual factors that may prevent empathy from resulting in collaborative action. Collaborative approaches to natural resource management have had their share of success and failure. The latter is often driven by the inability or unwillingness of interest groups to collaborate over the provision of public goods. Collaboration sometimes require actors to forego selfish behaviors in favor of more prosocial behavior. Therefore, understanding the role of empathy and how to promote it becomes a necessary component of successful collaborative decision making. The research team uses a multi-method, multi-disciplinary approach that includes a cross-sectional public survey that will be used to test a model of the relationships between perspective taking and prosocial behavior and identify the key individual and contextual predictors and barriers to perspective taking and prosocial action in resource management contexts. Further, the projects tests multiple hypotheses about why preliminary experiments using computer-mediated communications resulted in egoistic behavior, a counterintuitive result. Finally, the research teams uses their theoretical and experimental results to develop and test a series of experiments using computer-mediated scenarios to mimic real-world collaborative management decisions. The work enhances understanding of the causal connections between perspective taking and prosocial action, identifies the contextual and individual barriers to perspective taking and prosocial behavior, and develops reliable and valid instruments and strategies to promote prosocial action within a computer mediated situation. As a result, the work contributes to existing models of social cooperation, proenvironmental behavior and collaborative management. Moreover, this research makes the multidimensional relationships between perspective taking and prosocial action visible, testable, and ultimately instrumental. This study also improves teaching by using interactive scenarios to educate students across multiple disciplines to promote collaborative behavior and cooperation through complex decision-making scenarios.

为了促进有效的协作管理，制定促进同理心（这是合作行为的先决条件）的干预措施至关重要，并了解可能阻止同理心导致协作行动的背景因素。自然资源管理的协作方法有成功也有失败。后者往往是由利益集团无能力或不愿意在提供公共产品方面进行合作所驱动的。合作有时要求行为者放弃自私行为，转而采取更亲社会的行为。因此，了解同理心的作用以及如何促进同理心成为成功协作决策的必要组成部分。研究团队采用多方法、多学科的方法，其中包括一项横断面的公众调查，该调查将用于测试观点采择与亲社会行为之间的关系模型，并确定资源管理环境中观点采择和亲社会行为的关键个人和情境预测因素以及障碍。此外，这些项目测试了多种假设，解释为什么使用计算机介导的通信的初步实验会导致利己行为，这是一个违反直觉的结果。最后，研究团队利用他们的理论和实验结果来开发和测试一系列实验，使用计算机介导的场景来模拟现实世界的协作管理决策。这项工作增强了对观点采择和亲社会行为之间因果关系的理解，确定了观点采择和亲社会行为的背景和个人障碍，并开发了可靠和有效的工具和策略，以在计算机介导的情况下促进亲社会行动。因此，这项工作有助于现有的社会合作、环保行为和协作管理模式。此外，这项研究使观点采择和亲社会行动之间的多维关系变得可见、可测试，并最终发挥作用。这项研究还通过使用交互式场景来教育跨学科的学生通过复杂的决策场景促进协作行为和合作，从而改善教学。