Collaborative Research: Impact of Snowfall Processes on Potential Vorticity Generation in High-Latitude Snow Events

合作研究：降雪过程对高纬度雪事件中潜在涡度产生的影响

• 批准号: 1531690
• 负责人: Tristan LEcuyer
• 金额: $ 34.73万
• 依托单位: University of Wisconsin-Madison
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-09-15 至 2019-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1531690&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Impact; Snowfall; Processes

Precipitation processes, such as evaporation and condensation, have the ability to affect the large-scale weather systems in which they are embedded. This research award will provide funding for a collaborative team of researchers to study how snowfall processes affect overall storm evolution. The research will make use of ground-based instrumentation, remote sensing, and numerical modeling to gain a better picture of the profile of snowflakes in a storm and whether the models are representing the snow correctly. Differences between the observations and the models will indicate the relative importance of snowfall processes in storm events. The result of the award should be improved modeling for both weather and climate purposes and enhanced international scientific collaboration between the United States, Norway and Sweden. Students would be educated and trained, ensuring the development of the next generation of scientists.The research team plans to contrast real-world observations of the spatial and vertical distributions of snowfall with the representation in numerical models, and seek to quantify the impacts of any differences on storm evolution. The goal would be to better define the relationships between microphysical and dynamical processes for three meteorologically distinct high-latitude meteorological extremes (Alaska, Norway and Sweden). The observational component of the research will include in-situ measurements of snowflake statistics using the Multi-Angle Snowflake Camera and remote sensing from radars using an existing satellite radar snowfall retrieval scheme. The modeling aspect of the work would be performed using the HARMONIE, ECMWF-IFS, and WRF systems. Three main objectives will be addressed in the project: 1) Quantify real-world vertical profiles of snowfall microphysical properties with uncertainties at each site, 2) Compare observations of the vertical profile of precipitation properties with their representation in numerical model for different synoptic conditions, and 3) Evaluate the impact of discrepancies in modeled and observed precipitation profiles on potential vorticity modification for forecast storm events at each site.

降水过程（例如蒸发和凝结）具有影响嵌入它们的大规模天气系统的能力。 该研究奖将为一个合作的研究人员提供资金，以研究降雪过程如何影响整体风暴的演变。 该研究将利用地面仪器，遥感和数值建模，以更好地了解风暴中雪花的轮廓以及模型是否正确地代表了雪。 观察结果和模型之间的差异将表明降雪过程在风暴事件中的相对重要性。 该奖项的结果应改善用于天气和气候目的的建模，并增强美国，挪威和瑞典之间的国际科学合作。 将对学生进行教育和培训，以确保下一代科学家的发展。研究小组计划将降雪的空间和垂直分布与数值模型中的代表进行对比，并试图量化任何差异对风暴进化的影响。 目的是更好地定义三个气象学上不同的高纬度气象极端（阿拉斯加，挪威和瑞典）的微物理和动力学过程之间的关系。 该研究的观察成分将包括使用多角度雪花摄像机的雪花统计的原位测量以及使用现有的卫星雷达降雪方案从雷达中进行遥感。 工作的建模方面将使用Harmonie，ECMWF-IFS和WRF系统进行。 项目将在项目中解决三个主要目标：1）量化每个站点的降雪微物理特性具有不确定性的现实世界垂直概况，2）比较降水性能的垂直概况的观察结果，其在数值模型中的代表性在不同的Synoptict条件下的代表性进行了比较，并且3）评估每个站点对陷阱的影响，并评估陷入降水量的影响。