MRI: Development of a Dynamic Material Processing and Testing Instrument

该主要研究仪器奖将支持动态材料加工和测试仪器的开发，该仪器将允许在传统实验室环境中对高动态材料加工进行安全和详细的检查。这是为了大大增加动态材料测试的机会，并允许在动态过程中进行创新。在短时间内依赖于高压力的高动态过程在研究实验室中并不常见，在制造过程中几乎是未知的。了解材料的动态行为是很重要的，这既是出于基本原因，也是因为它在弹道学、冲击和加工等过程中很常见。此外，动态过程可以使材料的结构和性能的发展，是很难或不可能与传统的过程。这可以导致节能的过程和更轻的重量运输组件；这两种结果都可以减少大气中的碳排放。该项目还将对STEM劳动力产生积极影响，向K-12学生展示，工程领域存在非常有创造性，甚至是破坏性的机会，并为广泛的技术社区提供创新和培训的平台。新仪器将基于汽化箔致动器（VFA）方法开发高压（1gpa）和高采样速度（1km/s）。发射、撞击或成形过程中的速度场可以使用仪器内置的多路光子多普勒测速系统在多达16个点进行测量。该系统将广泛应用于各种实验研究，包括：高压相变、冲击焊接、动态粉末固结、残余应力和回弹减少、动态成形性、动态压花和冲击硬化。例如，冲击焊接可以焊接无法通过熔合方法连接的金属，该仪器可以鼓励该技术的商业应用。该仪器还将大大降低在高应变率和短时间内进行材料行为（塑性、剥落、断裂等）基础研究的难度和费用。

This Major Research Instrumentation Award will support the development of a dynamic materials processing and test instrument that will allow the safe and detailed examination of highly dynamic materials processing in a conventional laboratory environment. This is intended to dramatically increase access to dynamic materials testing and allow innovation in dynamic processes. Highly dynamic processes that rely on intense pressures over short time are uncommon in research laboratories and almost unknown in manufacturing processes. It is important to understand dynamic material behavior both for fundamental reasons and because it is common in ballistics, shock and processes like machining. Also, dynamic processes can allow the development of materials structures and properties that are difficult or impossible to access with conventional processes. This can lead to energy efficient processes and lighter weight transportation components; both outcomes can reduce atmospheric carbon emission. This program will also have positive impact on the STEM workforce by demonstrating to K-12 students that very creative, even disruptive, opportunities exist in engineering and providing the broad technical community a platform for innovation and training.The new instrument will be based on the Vaporizing Foil Actuator (VFA) method of developing high pressures (1 GPa) and high sample speeds (1km/s). The velocity field during launch, impact or forming can be measured at up to 16 points using a multiplexed photonic Doppler velocimetry system that is integral to the instrument. This system will find application in a wide variety of experimental studies on topics including: high pressure phase transformations, impact welding, dynamic powder consolidation, residual stress and springback reduction, dynamic formability, dynamic embossing and shock hardening. Impact welding, for example, can weld metals that cannot be joined by fusion methods and this instrument can encourage the commercial deployment of this technique. The instrument will also dramatically reduce the difficulty and expense in fundamental studies of material behavior (plasticity, spall, fracture, etc.) at high strain rates and short times.