Doctoral Dissertation Research: Morphological Decomposition in Arabic

博士论文研究：阿拉伯语形态分解

• 批准号: 1533780
• 负责人: Adam Ussishkin
• 金额: $ 1.07万
• 依托单位: University of Arizona
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-08-15 至 2017-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1533780&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Doctoral; Dissertation; Research; Morphological; Decomposition

When we hear a word, many factors affect the speed and accuracy with which we decide that what we have heard is indeed a word of our language. Word frequency is a particularly salient predictor of a listener's behavior when presented with a word; words which are more frequent are recognized more quickly than words which are less frequent. Moreover, the frequency of individual word parts such as suffixes and prefixes also have an effect on the recognition of the word as a whole. These phenomena are important for psycholinguistic models of storage and processing which represent how people acquire words of a language, store them in their minds, and retrieve them when they must perceive or produce them. Such models inform effective methods for teaching language as well as diagnosis and treatment of language disorders. However, studies focusing on the role of frequency in word recognition have been largely limited to Indo-European languages, which results in an incomplete picture of the mechanisms which allow humans to learn, recognize and produce language. The main goal of this psycholinguistic research is to explore the role of frequency in word recognition for a colloquial dialect of Arabic spoken in Amman, Jordan. This research entails psycholinguistic experiments measuring reactions to a variety of kinds of spoken words which differ based on the frequencies of the parts that they contain. Furthermore, these studies involve the collection of personal linguistic histories, as well as the gathering of texts and transcripts from Web, chat, and broadcast domains. This research will contribute to a richer understanding of how Arabic speakers determine what constitutes a word of their dialect, and what properties of the word affect the speed and accuracy with which they do so. Determining which word parts contribute most to their storage and access in the mind will result in more informed ways of teaching colloquial Arabic dialects to non-native speakers. Robust data focusing on which words actually belong to this particular dialect will contribute to dictionary-writing and lexicon-building, strengthening the scarce resources which exist for spoken Arabic dialects.

当我们听到一个词时，许多因素会影响我们确定所听到的确实是我们语言中的一个词的速度和准确性。词频是一个特别突出的预测听众的行为时，提出了一个词，更频繁的单词识别更快比单词不太频繁。此外，单个单词部分（如后缀和前缀）的频率也会影响对单词整体的识别。这些现象对于心理语言学的存储和处理模型很重要，这些模型代表了人们如何获得一种语言的单词，将它们存储在他们的脑海中，并在他们必须感知或产生它们时检索它们。这些模型为语言教学以及语言障碍的诊断和治疗提供了有效的方法。然而，专注于频率在单词识别中的作用的研究在很大程度上仅限于印欧语言，这导致了对人类学习，识别和产生语言的机制的不完整描述。本心理语言学研究的主要目的是探讨频率在约旦安曼阿拉伯语口语方言单词识别中的作用。这项研究需要心理语言学实验来测量对各种口语词汇的反应，这些词汇根据它们所包含的部分的频率而不同。此外，这些研究涉及个人语言历史的收集，以及从网络，聊天和广播域的文本和抄本的收集。这项研究将有助于更丰富地了解阿拉伯语使用者如何确定构成其方言的单词，以及单词的哪些属性影响他们这样做的速度和准确性。确定哪些单词部分对大脑中的存储和访问贡献最大，将导致更明智的方式向非母语人士教授阿拉伯语口语方言。强大的数据集中在哪些单词实际上属于这种特定的方言将有助于词典的编写和词汇建设，加强阿拉伯语口语方言的稀缺资源。