Doctoral Dissertation Research: Morphological Decomposition in Arabic

博士论文研究：阿拉伯语形态分解

• 批准号: 1533780
• 负责人: Adam Ussishkin
• 金额: $ 1.07万
• 依托单位: University of Arizona
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-08-15 至 2017-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1533780&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Doctoral; Dissertation; Research; Morphological; Decomposition

When we hear a word, many factors affect the speed and accuracy with which we decide that what we have heard is indeed a word of our language. Word frequency is a particularly salient predictor of a listener's behavior when presented with a word; words which are more frequent are recognized more quickly than words which are less frequent. Moreover, the frequency of individual word parts such as suffixes and prefixes also have an effect on the recognition of the word as a whole. These phenomena are important for psycholinguistic models of storage and processing which represent how people acquire words of a language, store them in their minds, and retrieve them when they must perceive or produce them. Such models inform effective methods for teaching language as well as diagnosis and treatment of language disorders. However, studies focusing on the role of frequency in word recognition have been largely limited to Indo-European languages, which results in an incomplete picture of the mechanisms which allow humans to learn, recognize and produce language. The main goal of this psycholinguistic research is to explore the role of frequency in word recognition for a colloquial dialect of Arabic spoken in Amman, Jordan. This research entails psycholinguistic experiments measuring reactions to a variety of kinds of spoken words which differ based on the frequencies of the parts that they contain. Furthermore, these studies involve the collection of personal linguistic histories, as well as the gathering of texts and transcripts from Web, chat, and broadcast domains. This research will contribute to a richer understanding of how Arabic speakers determine what constitutes a word of their dialect, and what properties of the word affect the speed and accuracy with which they do so. Determining which word parts contribute most to their storage and access in the mind will result in more informed ways of teaching colloquial Arabic dialects to non-native speakers. Robust data focusing on which words actually belong to this particular dialect will contribute to dictionary-writing and lexicon-building, strengthening the scarce resources which exist for spoken Arabic dialects.

当我们听到一个单词时，许多因素会影响我们决定所听到的速度和准确性的确是我们语言的单词。单词频率是听取单词时听众行为的特别明显的预测指标。比较少频繁的单词更快地识别出更频繁的单词。此外，单个单词部分的频率（例如后缀和前缀）也会影响整个单词的识别。这些现象对于存储和处理的心理语言模型很重要，这些模型代表人们如何获取一种语言的单词，将其存储在他们的脑海中，并在他们必须感知或产生它们时检索它们。这样的模型为教学语言以及语言障碍的诊断和治疗提供了有效方法。但是，关注频率在单词识别中的作用的研究很大程度上仅限于印欧语，这导致了使人能够学习，识别和产生语言的机制的不完整图。这项心理学研究的主要目的是探索频率在识别单词识别中的作用，以在约旦安曼说阿拉伯语的口语方言。这项研究需要进行心理语言实验，以测量对各种口语的反应，这些反应根据其所包含的部分的频率而有所不同。此外，这些研究涉及个人语言历史的收集，以及从网络，聊天和广播领域收集的文本和笔录。这项研究将有助于对阿拉伯语说话者如何确定其方言的构成方式，以及该词的属性会影响他们这样做的速度和准确性。确定哪个单词零件对他们的存储和访问最大的贡献将导致更明智的方式向非本地扬声器教授阿拉伯语方言。强大的数据重点是实际上属于该特定方言的单词将有助于词典编写和词典构建，从而增强了对阿拉伯语方言的稀缺资源。