Improving Outcomes from Interdisciplinary R&D

改善跨学科 R 的成果

• 批准号: 1535986
• 负责人: Beverly Tyler
• 金额: $ 23.36万
• 依托单位: North Carolina State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-09-01 至 2018-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1535986&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Improving; Outcomes; Interdisciplinary; R&amp

Advanced research and development in industrial sectors ranging from life sciences to electronics, requires interdisciplinary efforts to pool knowledge in order to extend the technological frontier. This project will inform managerial approaches to heighten the chance of commercial success for interdisciplinary R&D programs. The National Institutes of Health's Nanomedicine Development Centers (NDCs), a research program designed with a ten-year horizon to fund not only basic nanomedicine science but its translation into clinical outcomes provides an opportunity to study the organization and outcomes of science. The clinical applications are expected to improve health outcomes and the efficiency of the U.S. healthcare system. The NDC researchers come from a variety of disciplines, including biology, integrative physiology, computational biology, neurobiology, genetics, chemistry, biomolecular engineering, oncology and ophthalmology, and thus understanding their ability to engage in interdisciplinary integration is paramount to their success. This research will help improve strategies for forming and managing interdisciplinary teams. This project introduces an analytical approach to examining the antecedents and payoffs to interdisciplinary R&D. This study considers the researchers' prior experience with interdisciplinary research, in conjunction with the variety, distance, and interdependence of the disciplines represented in their respective NDC teams. This research is grounded in the theory of human capital accumulation, defined as the knowledge, experience and skills by individuals. A related management literature has examined how human capital contributes to innovation and firm financial performance. This research extends these literatures by analyzing how interdisciplinary interaction influences human capital accumulation and scientific achievement. Two primary measures of scientific impact are employed by this study: quality-weighted forward citations to the publications resulting from each research program; and the progress made towards commercial application. Survey data provide additional insights into the drivers of success for interdisciplinary teams.

从生命科学到电子学等工业部门的先进研究和开发需要多学科努力汇集知识，以扩大技术前沿。该项目将为管理方法提供信息，以提高跨学科研发项目的商业成功机会。美国国立卫生研究院的纳米医学发展中心（NDC），一个研究计划，设计了一个十年的视野，不仅资助基础纳米医学科学，但其转化为临床成果提供了一个机会，研究组织和成果的科学。临床应用有望改善健康状况和美国医疗保健系统的效率。NDC的研究人员来自各种学科，包括生物学，综合生理学，计算生物学，神经生物学，遗传学，化学，生物分子工程，肿瘤学和眼科学，因此了解他们从事跨学科整合的能力对他们的成功至关重要。这项研究将有助于改进跨学科团队的形成和管理策略。本研究以分析方法探讨跨学科研发的前因与回报。本研究考虑了研究人员先前的跨学科研究经验，以及各自NDC团队中所代表的学科的多样性、距离和相互依赖性。本研究以人力资本积累理论为基础，将人力资本定义为个人的知识、经验和技能。一个相关的管理文献研究了人力资本如何有助于创新和企业的财务业绩。本研究扩展了这些文献，分析了跨学科互动如何影响人力资本积累和科学成就。本研究采用了两种主要的科学影响指标：每个研究项目产生的出版物的质量加权前向引用;以及商业应用方面的进展。调查数据为跨学科团队的成功驱动因素提供了更多的见解。