Collaborative Research: Measuring Ocean Productivity from the Diurnal Change in Oxygen and Carbon

合作研究：通过氧和碳的日变化测量海洋生产力

• 批准号: 1536121
• 负责人: Paul Quay
• 金额: $ 35.61万
• 依托单位: University of Washington
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-09-01 至 2020-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1536121&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Measuring; Ocean; Productivity

The rate of primary production in the ocean is fundamental to the ocean's food web and the movement of carbon from surface waters to the deep ocean, known as the biological pump. Yet spatial and temporal variations in primary productivity are poorly known because the effort required for the current method of measuring primary productivity is significant, limiting its application, and the method has biases that are difficult to quantify. Using a novel combination of approaches, the investigators will estimate daily primary productivity in the ocean at three ecologically distinct sites. The research will significantly improve understanding of primary productivity variations and their impact on the ocean?s biological pump, which will benefit the broader ocean community involved in carbon cycle modeling and benefit society via the impact of ocean primary productivity on atmospheric carbon dioxide uptake and future climate change. The research results will be incorporated into both undergraduate and graduate course curricula and outreach talks at the two institutions. There will be active undergraduate student participation in the project at both Oregon State University and the University of Washington.Within the last decade, an in-situ primary productivity method based on measuring the isotopic composition of dissolved oxygen (O2) gas has gained traction within the oceanographic community because it yields a primary production estimate from a simple water sample collection. This method has yielded basin-wide snapshots of primary productivity based on underway sampling of the surface ocean by ships of opportunity. However, accurate estimates of oxygen/particulate organic carbon (O2/POC) produced during primary productivity are needed to convert oxygen-based primary production rates to carbon production. In this project, daily in-situ rates of primary production in the surface ocean at three ocean sites will be estimated from continuous measurements of diurnal cycles in the oxygen/argon dissolved gas ratio and POC and compared to simultaneous in vitro primary productivity estimates. Variations in the O2/POC produced during primary production will be determined. Autonomous float-based estimates of primary production based on measurements of diurnal cycles in O2 and POC will be validated using ship based measurements. Estimates of primary production based on autonomous measurements resulting from this research have the potential to revolutionize our knowledge on the spatial and temporal variations in primary productivity in the ocean.

海洋初级生产的速度是海洋食品网和碳从地表水到深海的运动，被称为生物泵。然而，主要生产力的空间和时间变化是鲜为人知的，因为当前测量初级生产力所需的努力很大，限制了其应用，并且该方法具有难以量化的偏见。使用新颖的方法组合，研究人员将在三个生态上不同地点的海洋中估计海洋中的每日主要生产力。这项研究将显着提高对主要生产率变化及其对海洋生物泵的影响，这将使参与碳循环建模的广泛海洋社区受益，并通过海洋初级生产力对大气二氧化碳吸收和未来气候变化的影响而受益。研究结果将纳入两个机构的本科和研究生课程和外展演讲中。俄勒冈州立大学和华盛顿大学将有积极的学生参与该项目。在过去的十年中，这是一种基于测量溶解氧（O2）气体的同位素组成的原位主要生产力方法，在海洋学社区内已经获得了吸引力，因为它从简单的水样品中获得了原始的生产估计。这种方法基于机会船的表面海洋采样，产生了盆地范围的主要生产力快照。但是，需要对初级生产力期间产生的氧/颗粒有机碳（O2/POC）进行准确的估计，以将基于氧气的一级生产率转化为碳生产。在该项目中，将根据氧/氩气溶解的气比和POC中的昼夜周期的连续测量来估计，在三个海洋地点的每日原发性生产速率将估计。将确定初级生产过程中产生的O2/POC的变化。基于基于O2和POC中昼夜周期的测量结果的基于自主浮点的估计值将使用基于船舶的测量结果进行验证。基于本研究产生的自主测量值的初级生产的估计有可能彻底改变我们对海洋主要生产力的空间和时间变化的了解。